Inheritance Flashcards
Inherited
The passing on of genetic traits from parents to their offspring.
Genetic trait
Traits are characteristics about humans and other living organisms that can be described or measured.
Simple inheritance
Simple inheritance of traits controlled by a single gene with two alleles
Chromosome
A structure within the cell that bears the genetic material.
DNA
DNA is a biological macromolecule that carries hereditary information in many organisms
Mendel
Its a principle of heredity.
Ovum (egg)
It is a single cell released from the female reproductive organ.
Sperm
Male reproductive cell
Fertilisation
The process by which male and female gametes are fused together,
x Chromosome
One of the 2 sex chromosome
Y Chromosome
One of the sex chromosome
Variation
Different types of a certain group of people or animals etc.
Gene
Genes are the basic unit of heredity
Allele
Its a form of gene at a particular position on a chromosome.
Homozygous
Identical alleles for a single trait only
Heterozygous
Having different alleles for a particular trait.
Dominant
The relastionship between 2 versions of a gene.
Recessive
When person only needs to inherit two copies of the gene for the trait to be expressed.
Genotype
Its a chemical compostion for its DNA.
Phenotype
Refers to the observable and measurable characteristics of an organism.
Punnett Square
A Punnett square is a visual tool that shows the different genetic mixes that result from a specific breeding or cross between parents.
