Inheritance Flashcards
What is the basic unit of heredity?
Gene
True or False: Genes are located on chromosomes.
True
What is the term for the different forms of a gene?
Alleles
Fill in the blank: An individual’s genetic makeup is known as their ________.
Genotype
What is the physical appearance of an organism based on its genetic makeup?
Phenotype
What term describes the alleles an individual has for a particular gene?
Genotype
What is the term for an individual with two different alleles for a particular gene?
Heterozygous
What is the term for an individual with two identical alleles for a particular gene?
Homozygous
What is the process by which genetic information is passed from parent to offspring?
Heredity
What is the name of the scientist who discovered the principles of biological inheritance?
Gregor Mendel
True or False: Mendel’s laws of inheritance apply to all organisms.
True
What is the term for the process of producing offspring by sexual reproduction?
Reproduction
What is the term for the specific location of a gene on a chromosome?
Locus
Fill in the blank: The genetic makeup of an organism determines its ________.
Traits
What term describes the observable characteristics of an organism?
Traits
What is the term for a pair of chromosomes that carry the same genes?
Homologous chromosomes
What term describes the process by which genes are passed from parent to offspring?
Inheritance
True or False: An individual’s phenotype is always determined solely by their genotype.
False
What is the name for the diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross?
Punnett square
Fill in the blank: The ________ of an organism is determined by its genetic makeup and environmental factors.
Phenotype
What is the term for the study of how traits are inherited?
Genetics
What is the term for the specific form of a gene at a particular locus?
Allele
What term describes the genetic makeup of an individual?
Genotype
True or False: In Mendel’s experiments, only one trait was studied at a time.
True
