Inheritance

Question 1

DNA polymerase

Answer 1

catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork, can only add nucleotides at the 3’ end

Question 2

nucleoside triphosphate

Answer 2

the product of each new nucleotide that is adding to a growing DNA strand

Question 3

What direction can a new DNA strand elongate in?

Answer 3

5’ to 3’ only

Question 4

leading strand

Answer 4

DNA polymerase can synthesize commplementary stand continuously

Question 5

lagging strand

Answer 5

synthesized as a series of segments called Okazaki fragments, which are joined together by DNA ligase

Question 6

primase

Answer 6

enzyme that can start an RNA chain from scratch

Question 7

helicase

Answer 7

untwists the double helix and separate the template DNA strands at the replication fork

Question 8

topoisomerase

Answer 8

corrects owverwinding ahead of replication forks by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands

Question 9

DNA pol III

Answer 9

continuously synthesizes the leading strand and elongates Okazaki fragments

Question 10

DNA Pol I

Answer 10

removes primer from the 5’ ends of the leading strand and Okazaki fragments, replacing primer with DNA and adding to adjacent 3’ ends

Question 11

DNA Ligase

Answer 11

joins 3’ ends of the DNA that replaces the primer to the rest of the leading strand and also joins the lagging strand of fragments

Question 12

telomeres

Answer 12

eukaryotic chromosomal DNA molecules have those at the end of their nucleotide sequences; these postpone the erosion of genes near the end of DNA molecules

Question 13

telomerase

Answer 13

catalyses the lengthening of telomeres in germ cells