Inheritance Flashcards
What is a gene?
A length of DNA that codes for a single polypeptide.
What is a locus?
The position on a chromosome that a gene occupies.
What is an allele?
Different forms of the same gene that occupy the same locus.
What is a genotype?
The genetic constituition of an organism.
What is a phenotype?
The expression of the genotype and its interaction with the environment.
What is dominance?
A gene that is always expressed.
What is codominance?
When both alleles are expressed at the same time.
What is sex linkage?
Some genes are found on a region of a sex chromosome that is not present on the other sex chromosome, therefore inheritance dependent on sex.
What is autosomal linkage?
Two or more genes on the same chromosome do not assort independently during meiosis, therefore stay together in original parental combination so linked.
What is heterozygous?
One dominant, one recessive allele (Bb)
What is homozygous?
Homozygous recessive = two recessive alleles (bb)
Homozygous dominant = two dominant alleles (BB)
What is the chi squared test?
Stats test to see whether the difference between expected and observed results in experiments are statistically significant or insignificant.
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