inheritance

Question 1

genome

Answer 1

entire DNA of an organism

Question 2

gene

Answer 2

a section of a molecule of DNA that codes for a specific protein

Question 3

nucleus of a cell

Answer 3

contains chromosomes on which genes are located

Question 4

allele

Answer 4

An allele is one of two or more versions of DNA which give rise to differences in inherited characteristics

Question 5

dominant

Answer 5

gene that produces the same phenotype in the organism whether or not its allele identical. it is always the uppercase letter

Question 6

recessive

Answer 6

gene that can be masked by a dominant gene. it is always the lowercase letter

Question 7

homozygous

Answer 7

The presence of two identical alleles at a particular gene locus.

Question 8

heterozygous

Answer 8

The presence of two different alleles at a particular gene locus

Question 9

phenotype

Answer 9

the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Question 10

genotype

Answer 10

the genetic constitution of an individual organism.

Question 11

male pair of chromosomes

Answer 11

XY

Question 11

male pair of chromosomes

Answer 11

XY

Question 12

female pair of chromosomes

Answer 12

XX

Question 13

division of a diploid cell by mitosis

Answer 13

produces 2 cells that contain identical sets of chromosomes

Question 14

when does mitosis occur?

Answer 14

during growth, repair, cloning and asexual reproduction

Question 15

division of a cell by meiosis

Answer 15

produces four cells, each with half the number of chromosomes, it makes a genetically different haploid gametes

Question 16

phenotypic feature(the way you look and are)

Answer 16

dont come from a single gene, but from many genes

Question 17

diploid

Answer 17

has two sets of chromosomes. this is the normal number in an adult cell. e.g 46 in humans.

Question 18

haploid

Answer 18

one set of chromosomes. found in gametes. half of diploid e.g 23 in humans

Question 19

variation

Answer 19

the differences shown within a species. it can be because of genetics or environmental or both

Question 20

mutation

Answer 20

is a rare random change in genetic material that can be inherited. e.g sickle cell anemia

Question 21

Darwins theory

Answer 21

. mutation
. variation
. survival
. reproduce
. gene passed on