Inhalational induction

Question 1

Faster Inhalational Induction

Answer 1

Rapid buildup of agent in the alveoli
Low blood solubility of the agent
Higher percentage on the vaporizer dial
Higher fresh gas flows
Smaller anesthesia circuit volume
Low cardiac output
Higher minute ventilation
Low functional residual capacity (FRC)

Question 2

Slower Inhalational Induction

Answer 2

Slower buildup of agent in the alveoli
High blood solubility of the agent
Lower percentage on the vaporizer dial
Lower fresh gas flows
Larger circuit volume
High cardiac output
Lower minute ventilation
High functional residual capacity (FRC)

Question 3

Slower Wakeup

Answer 3

Older (especially geriatric) patients
Obese patients
Long operation times
Operations where higher concentrations of agent were used
Low fresh gas flows during emergence
High blood solubility of the volatile agent
Lower minute ventilation
Higher doses of narcotics
Closed APL valve
Higher functional residual capacity (FRC)
Lung disease (decreased alveolar capillary diffusion)
Low cardiac output
Hypothermia

Question 4

Describe the clinically relevant pharmacokinetics of inhalational agents, including a description of Fa vs. Fi, the Fa/Fi ratio, and the Fa/Fi curve

Answer 4

Fa= conc in alveoli Fi =conc in machine. We turn on machine and ratio is way less than one, then it approaches 1.