Inglese 1 Flashcards
Other ways to say: “You are so beautiful”.
You look gorgeous, You look as pretty as always, you are stunning, I love the way you look today.
Other ways to say: “handsome”.
good looking, stunning, smart, stylish.
scary and horrifying or something that makes you feel really nervous and uncomfortable
Creepy
Ex: “The man looking at me on the subway was very creepy.”
A very unpleasant person who does a really strange thing that makes you feel extremely uncomfortable.
To be a creep. Ex. “He keeps stalking me on Instagram.” He is such a creep.” “What a creep”-
extremely hungry.
famished. Ex: “I’m famished!! When do we eat?”
feeling annoyed, upset and impatient because you cannot control or change a situation or achieve something.
frustrated
Ex: “He gets frustrated when people don’t understand what he’s trying to say”
The period of time just before a project has to be completed and everyone has to work hard.
Crunch time.
Ex: “I’m not getting enough sleep these days. It’s crunch time at work.”
too scared or nervous to do something
to get cold feet. Ex: "Jhon didn't give his class presentation because he got cold feet."
good enough
adequate.
Ex: “Before you dive, please ensure you have an adequate supply of oxygen.”
to keep thinking or talking about something especially something hard or complaisant.
to dwell on something.
Ex: “There is no need to dwell on the past”.
everywhere/disorganized
all over the place.
Ex: “Please clean your room. Your clothes are all over the place.”
- unhappy and without hope
2. not expecting or believing anything good in a situation.
gloomy (adj)
Ex: “What gloomy weather are we having?”
a person who prefers to be alone.
hermit. (‘hɜː.mɪt)
Ex: “My next-door neighbour is a hermit. We never see him.”
Remote country-side, far from any time.
out in the sticks.
Ex: “ We spent the week end in a beautiful cottage out in the sticks.”
be useful
to come in handy.
Ex: “This paint might come in handy one day”.
to talk with someone about unimportant things, to chat in a relaxed way.
to shoot the breeze.
Ex: “My friends and I stayed up late last night shooting the breeze.”
You would say to someone when you don’t want to tell them where you are going and what you are going to be doing.
to see a man about a dog.
Ex: “I’ve just got to see a man about a dog, I’ll be right back.”
Admit that you was wrong.
to eat humble pie.
Ex: “I’m sure that I’m right about this, but if I’m wrong then I will eat humble pie and apologize”.
You don’t have success finding something because there isn’t a lot of it left.
Slim pickings.
Ex: “It’s hard to find a job at the moment, there is slim pickings because of corona virus.”
so/really/very
terribly/auwfully/hella (slang San Francisco).
Ex: “I’m terribly pleased to hear that you have got the job”.
Ex: “Your fever is awfully high.”
Ex: “I’m hella hungry”.
give something that you will get back.
to lend.
Ex: “I will lend you my pen.”
get something and you have to return.
to borrow.
Ex: “Can I borrow your pen?”
zerbino
doormat (ˈdɔː.mæt)
scala (richiudibile)
step ladder
fare sempre meglio
to strive to do better
diga
dam
riva di un fiume
riverbank
very rarely
once in a blue
to decide
make up your mind.
Ex: “I haven’t made up my mind where to go yet.”
leave me alone
give me a break.
- to reach the same quality or standard as someone or something else. (reach the same standard).
- to do something you did not have time to do earlier. (do something)
- to learn or discuss the latest news. (discuss)
- catch up
Ex: “Will Western industry ever catch up with Japanese innovations?” - catch up on something
Ex: “She’s staying late at the office to catch up with/on some reports.”
Ex: “Let’s go for a coffee - I need to catch up on all the gossip.”
contact me
Hit me up.
I disagree
Not in my books.
I will pay for it
It’s on me.
good luck
to break a leg.
Ex: “I know you can do it! Break a leg!”
Other ways to say: “I’m interested.”
“I couldn’t tear myself away.”
“It looks good to me.”
“I’m crazy about it.”
“I couldn’t put it down.”
other ways to say: “I’m sorry”
“I was wrong with that.”
“I had that wrong”.
“I hope you can forgive me.”
sometimes, but not very often.
once in a while.
Ex: “I see her once in a while.”
to eat an extremely large amount of food
to pig out on.
Ex: “We pigged out on all the delicious cakes.”
to give up your official your official job.
to stand down.
Ex: “Peter decided to stand down after 15 years as director.”
to go somewhere such as a station or airport with someone to say goodbye to them.
to see someone off.
Ex: “My parents saw me off at the airport.”
to think that you are better or more important than someone else.
to look down on someone.
Ex: “She looks down on anyone who hasn’t had a university education.”
someone who is friendly and enjoys meeting and talking to people.
people person.
Ex: “Sarah was a people person. She was warm, outgoing and an excellent listener.”
to do something dishonest and unfair to me when I am not present.
to do something behind my back.
Ex: “They make fun of you behind my back.”
tappato
to clog
to have exciting time with friends, drinking, going to parties and spending a lot of money
to live it up
very rude
vulgar
very short
brief
very boring, not interesting or exciting in any way.
dull (dʌl
Ex: “He’s pleasant enough, but deadly dull.”
very good
superb
very cold
freezing
extremely hungry
ravenous (ˈræv.ən.əs
Ex: “Growing boys have ravenous appetites.”
very slow
sluggish
very fast
rapid(ly)
very tired
exhausted
without money, food, a home, or possessions.
destitute (ˈdes.tɪ.tʃuːt)
Ex: “The floods left thousands of people destitute.”
very rich
wealthy
very hot liquid, and outside
- Scalding (for liquids)
If a liquid is scalding, it is extremely hot. Ex: “Scalding Tea”. - Scorching (outside)
Ex: “a scorching summer day.”
very happy
jubilant
very worried
anxious
- dried out because of too much heat and not enough rain (especially of earth or crops).
- extremely thirsty (informal)
parched
Ex: “It was the height of summer and the land was parched and brown.”
Ex: “I must get a drink - I’m parched!”
very dirty
squalid
very clean
spotless
as far as someone or something at a high level in a process or structure.
all the way to top (all the way to…)
Ex: “I’ll take my complaint all the way to the managing director.”
Non citarmi
Don’t quote me on that
to work really hard from early morning until late at night and feel exhausted
to burn the candle at both ends.
Ex: “I burned the candle at both ends to finish my assignment.”
to be unable to remember
to draw a blank.
Ex: “I’ve gone there before, but I’m drawing a blank.”
to make more effort than is expected of you
to go the extra mile.
Ex: “He always goes the extra mile.”
other ways to say amazing
awesome, outstanding, terrific, legendary, fantastic.
I don’t understand (idiom)
It’s all greek to me
Come te la passi?
How are you doing?
to keep distant unable to cause you problems
to keep something at bay.
Ex: “The medicine was keeping the pain at bay.”
unable to leave somewhere because of a problem such as not having any transportation or money
to be left stranded.
Ex: “He left me stranded at the station with no money.”
“Staying power”. Meaning the physical and/or mental strength to do something that might be difficult and will take a long effort.
stamina.
Ex: “The triathlon is a great test of stamina.”
to be very popular at a particular time.
be (all) the rage.
Ex: “Short hair is all the rage at the moment.”
very common
to be a dime a dozen
Ex: “Books like this are a dime a dozen.”
Stop working on something/or doing something
‘call it a day.
Ex: “I’m getting a bit tired now. Let’s call it a day.”
an attempt to accomplish something in a short amount of time.
race against time
Ex: “It was a race against time to find a new apartment before Monday.”
to speak negatively about something or someone
bad-mouthing.
Ex: “I wish he would stop bad-mouthing my boyfriend.”
a person who talks too much or a person who tells confidential information to others.
Big Mouth
to leave something such as an activity, school, or competition before you have finished what you intended to do.
to drop out
Ex: “Bill dropped out of college after his first year.”
Intrigante
Very intriguing
to stop doing or to stop having something.
to give up sth.
Ex: “Give up smoking.”
to give something to each of several people.
to give out something
Ex: “They’re giving out free tickets to the circus.”
to finally agree to something that someone wants after first refusing.
to give in sth
Ex: “If you want them to give in you’ll have to offer them more than that.”
to produce heat, light, a smell, or a gas.
to give off
Ex: “That tiny radiator doesn’t give off much heat.”
to return something to the person who gave it to you.
to give sth back
Ex: “Has she given you those books back yet?”
- to offer sth for free.
2. to tell a secret or show your feelings unintentionally.
to give away
Ex: “I didn’t want to sell my books, so I gave them away.”
Ex: “The look on her face gave her away (= showed her real feelings).”
- to allow other vehicles to go past before you move onto a road:
- to break, especially when under pressure from strong forces.
- to stop arguing or fighting against someone or something.
to give way
Ex: “You have to give way to traffic coming from the right.”
Ex: “Because of an unusually strong current, the bridge’s central support gave way, tipping a coach into the river.”
Ex: “Neither of them will give way, so they could be arguing for a very long time.”
to want sth or someone a lot
to ache for
Ex: “My parents have been away for a night. I’m aching for her.”
to have fun alone
to amuse oneself
to try hard
to apply oneself
to be happy with a limited amount of something
to content oneself
to act properly
to behave oneself
to learn about and understand yourself
to find oneself
to not ask help from others
to help oneself
if, purché
as long as
Ex: “You can have a dog as long as you promise to take care of it.”
used to tell someone to do something slowly and carefully (informal)
Easy does it
Ex: “Easy does it. There is a stop sign coming up.”
to make someone feel foolish and unimportant (insult).
to put down someone
Ex: “Did you have to put me down in front of everybody?”
- to injure a part of the body by pulling or twisting it.
- to move a part of your body away from the rest of you.
- to stop something that is burning from continuing to burn.
- to publish something or make information generally known.
- to spend money.
to put out something
Ex: “The senator has put out a statement denying the allegations..”
Ex: “Be sure to put out your campfire before you go to sleep.”
to offer hospitality
to put up someone
Ex: “Sally is putting me up for the weekend.”
to be willing to accept someone or something that is unpleasant or not desirable (to tolerate)
to put up with
Ex: “I don’t know why she puts up with him.”
- to move something you wear onto your body.
- to add or increase an amount or action.
- to start a piece of equipment, or to place a recording in a device that will play it.
- to do an activity, esp. one that others can watch. (mettere su)
- If you put someone on, you deceive someone, often in a joking way.
- to appear to have a feeling or way of behaving that is not real or not natural for you.
to put on something
Ex: “Put on that Ella Fitzgerald CD.”
Ex: “He said they wanted me to do a show for the president, and I thought he was putting me on.”
Ex: “I can’t tell whether he’s really upset or if he’s just putting it on.
to decide or arrange to delay an event or activity until a later time or date.
to put off someone/something
Ex: “I can’t put off going to the dentist any longer.”
Ex: “The meeting has been put off for a week.”
to make a large amount of money, often in a short period of time.
to clean up.
Ex: “You would clean up as a singer.”
to admire and respect someone.
look up to someone
Ex: “Kids look up to ballplayers.”
- to watch what is happening and be careful.
2. said or shouted in order to tell someone that they are in danger.
to look out
Ex: “The police have warned shopkeepers to look out for forged notes.”
Ex: “Look out! There’s a car coming!”
to take care of someone/something.
look after someone/something
Ex: “He looks after his son during the day.”
- to hope to get something that you want or need.
2. to search for someone or something.
look for something/someone
Ex: “He was looking for work as a builder.”
Ex: “I’m looking for Jim. Have you seen him?”
to examine the facts about a problem or situation.
look into something
Ex: “We’re looking into the possibility of merging the two departments.”
- to quickly examine something.
2. to review/check someone else’s work.
look over
Ex: “I had a few minutes before the meeting to look over the figures.”
Ex: “Could you please look over my report?”
How to express the contrast between two ideas
but, yet, although/though/even though, despite, whereas, however, nevertheless, conversely, on the other hand
“muoi dal ridere”
I’m cracking up
to make a serious mistake
to screw up.
Ex: “His job was to run the company, but he screwed up so often that the company went out of business.”
to walk in an extremely proud and confidential way.
to swagger
Ex: “Jeff swaggered into the room looking very pleased with himself.”
ignore what was just said
Nevermind
to create a complicated situation in which doing something to correct a problem leads to may more problems.
to open a can of worms.
Ex: “Our boss is reluctant to change the policy now because she doesn’t want to open a can of worms.”
to take someone or something, esp. by car, to a particular place (leave).
to drop off something/someone
Ex: “I’m heading to the voting polls to drop off ballots for my sisters.”
Expressing a point of view on a subject and supporting it with evidence.
to make an argument
me la sto cavando
I’m managing
someone that has a good attitude and keeps going even if something is difficult
You’re being a trooper/you’re a good sport
fermarsi del tuttto
to stop altogether
curiosità
fun-fact, an FYI (for your information)
parallelamente
alongside
to agree to an offer one had made, especially in the past
take (one) up on
Ex: “I’m coming to town this weekend so can I take you up on that spare bedroom you’ve offered me in the past?”
genere maschile/femminile
masculine/feminine
when you lose your job through no fault of your own
to lay off
Ex: “When the coronavirus started, a lot of people were laid off.”
fees for transport.
Airfare, bus fare, train fare…ECC
other ways to say “Can you repeat?”
- Can you say that again, please?
- Could you repeat that again for me, please?
- I didn’t’ quite catch that.
- Wait for a second! I’m a bit lost
other ways to say “How are you?”
- How have you been?
- How are you doing?
- What’s up?
- What’s new?
- How are we?
other ways to say “I’m fine thanks, and you?”
- I’m great, how about you?
- I’m really good, yourself?
- Not too bad, and you?
to progress or develop in a particular way.
Move forward.
Ex: “Please move forward with the project.”
Traduci “Ti spiego la mia situazione”.
I will explain my situation.
Traduci: Mi spiace informarti
I’m regret to inform you…
sinistra/destra politica
left/right wings
così deludente
so disappointing
resistenza
resistance
non molto attraente
not very appeal to
cosa lui da confidenza
what he is giving confidence
lasciati indietro
left behind
responsible for something or someone. (incaricato)
in charge (of something/someone) [put someone in charge of] Ex: "The teacher put me in charge of organizing the project."
villa
luxury mansion
ci sono molti servizi/negozi
there are a lot of stores
farmacia
pharmacy (USA) [CVS, Walgreens]/ chemist (UK)
patatine
potatoe chips
motociclista
motorcyclist
spot TV
commercials, ads
cinema
theather (USA)/ cinema (UK)
happening sometimes, not regular or continous
sporadic
Ex: He makes sporadic trips to Europe.”
to make certain of something, for example by looking at the information again or by asking someone.
check with
Ex: “I need to check with my wife before I decide anything”.
to closely examine something
to check over
Ex: “Did you check over your essay before submitting it?”.
to examine someone or something in order to find out if something is present
check (something/someone) for (something)
Ex: “The doctor checked the patient for any broken ribs.”
to enter a hospital, hotel…
to check into
Ex: “My brother and I checked into the hospital yesterday.”
to have a casual conversation with someone in order to get to know them better
chatting up
Ex: “Who was that pretty girl you were chatting up last night?”.
Suddenly I just couldn’t remember or think of something
My mind went blank
Ex: I was prepared for the interview, but my mind went blank when they started asking questions.”
an adjective used to describe something very smooth
silky
Ex: “The chocolate cake has a silky texture.”
to raise your shoulders and then lower them to say you do not know or are not interested.
to shrug
Ex: “He shrugged his shoulders as if to say that there was nothing he could do about it.”
- to allow yourself or another person to have something enjoyable, especially more than is good for you.
- to give someone anything they want and not to mind if they behave badly.
to indulge (ɪnˈdʌldʒ)
Ex: “Jane indulged herself with a nice message.”
Ex: “My aunt indulges the children dreadfully.”
to be greatly frustrated or annoyed
driving me nuts.
Ex: “All these phone calls are driving me nuts.”
“It drives me nuts”.
wanting to discover as much as you can about things, sometimes in a way that annoys people
inquisitive (/ɪnˈkwɪz.ə.tɪv)
Ex: “Peter was rather inquisitive about the cost of our house.”
Sta iniziando a fare freddo fuori
it’s starting to freeze outside,
to make a mistake, especially by not taking action or dealing with something that should have been planned for.
drop the ball
Ex: “She really dropped the ball when she forgot to call back”.
Lasciar perdere/lasciamo perdere
just drop it /let’s drop it
Ex: “He wouldn’t drop it.”
Ha (un oggetto) dieci anni.
It is ten years old.
parenti
relatives
dare un’occhiata
to check it out
Ex: “Can you look at my car?” “Sure, I will check it out.”
You say this to someone that looks nice, beautiful, elegant, etc. guardati!
check you out!
to mark something on a list once it’s completed
to check off
Ex: “I think we might finally be ready to check off number three on the list.”
- to leave a hotel or a private hospital after paying the bill.
- to examine someone or something to be certain that everything is correct, true, or satisfactory
- to look at someone or their body in a flirtatious (or offensive)
check out
Ex: “We checked out (of/from our hotel) at 5 a.m.”
Ex: “Go to the doctor and get yourself checked out.”
Ex: “Check her out!”.
other ways to say “you are welcome”
I’m happy to help. My pleasure. Anytime!. You got it. No worries.
ways to say “hello”
Greetings. Nice to see you. Good to see you. Long time no see.
if something or someone grows on you, you start to like them more.
grow on someone
Ex: “I didn’t like him first, but he’s starting to grow on me.”
(of a plan or machine) so simple and easy to understand that it is unable to go wrong or be used wrongly
foolproof (ˈfuːl.pruːf)
Ex: “With these foolproof recipes, anyone can be a great chef.”
to succeed in doing something that is very difficult
to pull off.
Ex: “Nobody believed in me, but I pulled it off!”
to make people believe that a thing or a person is a different thing or a different person
to pass sth/sb off as sth/sb.
Ex: “He passed himself as a doctor, but he was only a student.”
I am in a situation that is too complicated for me to handle, I am unable to deal with it, it is beyond my capacity.
It’s in over my head.
Ex: “I started fixing my car but I am in over my head. I don’t know how to do it.”
Other ways to say “On the other hand”
- Having said that,
- That being said,
- Alternatively,
- Nonetheless,
- Nevertheless,
- In any case,
- At any rate,
- However,
to create a new law and have it officially accepted
to legislate for/against
Ex: “The government could legislate to deal”.
Non finirà bene
This isn’t gonna go well.
Non voglio discutere con te
I don’t want to debate with you.
to suddenly become unconscious
to pass out
Ex: “I was hit on the head and passed out.”
not happening very often or not existing in many places
few and far between.
Ex: “Opportunities for promotion are few and far between.”
rilasciato (gioco o film)
It was released/It came out
a second job you can do while continuing to do your main job
side hustle
Ex: “The series is designed to inspire hard-working corporate employees to start a side hustle if they are interested in eventually starting a business.”
to remember (venire in mente)
come to mind
Ex: “What comes to mind when you think of the holidays in the US?”
English expressions for when you make mistake
- I blew it! Ex: “I hit the red button by accident. I’m sorry! I really blew it!”.
- I screwed up Ex: “I have screwed up so many times.”
- “My bad” Ex: “Oh my bad! I forgot to send you a postcard.”
likely to change your opinion or your feelings suddenly and without a good reason
fickle
Ex: “It’s the third time that he changed his mind, he’s so fickle.”
It’s impossible
There’s no way.
Ex: “There’s no way! I can pass my science test”.
to eliminate something or someone
to get rid of something
Ex: “You need to get rid of your old toys”
used when you think something should have happened a long time ago
It’s about time.
Ex: “You finally paid me my money. It’s about time!”
- to get better; improve.
2. to try to find a particular piece of information by looking in a book or on a list, or by using a computer.
to look up
1) Ex: “Things are looking up for me.”
2) Ex: “I didn’t know what ‘loquacious’ meant and had to look it up in a dictionary.”
- to read something quickly, especially to find the information you need.
- to search for something among a lot of other things.
to look through sth
Ex: “I’m looking through my jewelry boxes.”
to try to find out about something
to look into
Ex: “I will look into this and get back to you shortly”
to visit a place and look at the things in it
to look around somewhere/sth
Ex: “She spent the afternoon looking around the town..”
to escape/ go on vacation (an only short vacation)
to get away
Ex: “I can’t wait for my trip to Brazil. It will be so nice to get away for a bit.”
- physical move over something
- mental obstacle to overcome
to get over
- remove yourself from a surface
- avoid punishment/extreme punishment
- to get excited by something (can be sexual too)
- to leave a place, usually in order to start a journey.
- to leave a train, bus, or aircraft.
to get off Ex: “Get off the hook/Let off the hook” Ex: “He gets off killing people” Ex: "If we can get off by seven o'clock, the roads will be clearer." Ex: ""Let's get off at the next stop."
- to be on top of a surface
- plane, train, bus, ship big open, can walk on a floor
to get on
Ex: “Get on board – someone wants your support to execute a plan or an idea!
- to begin to be involved with a particular person or group
2. to persuade someone who can help you to be your friend or to like you
get in with someone
Ex: “If you want to be elected to the club, she’s the person you need to get in with”
- to succeed in an exam or competition.
- to manage to deal with a difficult situation or to stay alive until it is over (can be work, can be emotional or mental).
get through sth
Ex: “She got through her exams without too much trouble.”
Ex: “My girlfriend and I are getting through the distance due to the covid limitations.”
- to place something/someone between two physical objects
- to insert one’s self between two people (typically who are at odds)
to get between
if people get along, they like each other and are friendly to each other
to get along (with)
Ex: “I’m getting along with my colleagues”.
credulone
gullible
the part of a piece of clothing that covers your arm.
short/long sleeve
Ex: “A dress with long sleeves”
mantello
cap
to cause a baby or young animal to stop feeding on its mother’s milk and to start eating other food, especially solid food, instead.
wean
Ex: “The studies were carried out on calves that had been weaned at five weeks of age.”
fare la spesa
shopping for the groceries
despite; not being affected by something:
regardless
Ex: “This job is open to all, regardless of previous experience.”
not probable or likely to happen.
unlikely
Ex: “It’s pretty unlikely (that) they’ll turn up now - it’s nearly ten o’clock.”
ho capito il tuo punto di vista
Your point is well taken
prendere appunti
take notes
to discover how to achieve or deal with something.
find a way
Ex: “Finding a way through the legislation is impossible without expert advice.”
soddisfare
to comply (with) Ex: "The restaurant must comply with the new corona-virus restrictions."
graffiare una lavagna
like nails on a chalkboard.
concessionario
dealer
concordo con te
I agree with you 100%
assicurazione della macchina
car insurance
tamponi
swebs test
to understand and agree with what is being done or suggested
be on the same page
Ex: “I think we’re all on the same page.”
immaturo
juvinale
bar dello stadio
a concession bar
non ho nulla da dire
I have no say
Sono desideroso di…
I’m eager to…
Ci sono vicino ?
I’m on to something.
Am I on the right back?
Am I headed in the right direction?
manifestazione
event/demonstration
sei spacciato
you are screwed
colpo di scena
plot twist
dare il diritto
gves the right
non abbiamo nulla
we don’t have anything
dare credito
give credit
to start a jouney or leave a place
to head off
Ex: “Olivia’s heading off to New York next week.”
Really? (used to show surprise or to be sure someone is telling the truth)
Are you for real?
to keep something secret
to keep something under your hat
Ex: “I will tell you what happened, but you have to keep it under your hat.”
fare un discorso
give a speech
to fail to use an opportunity to enjoy or get an advantage from something
miss out
Ex: “Don’t miss out on the fantastic bargains in our summer sale.”
carro dei vincitori
band wagon
to understand someone or something, or to find the answer to something by thinking
to figure out someone/something.
Ex: “Can you figure out how to open this?”
abbassarsi (meteo dal nord)
to sag down.
Ex: “A large area of low pressure and cold air surrounding both of the Earth’s poles that has sagged down into the U.S.”
If a government repeals a law, it causes that law no longer to have any legal force (abrogare).
to repeal (rɪˈpiːl) Ex: "Legislators repealed the sales tax."
to say or think that someone or something did something wrong or is responsible for something bad happening (incolpare).
to blame (bleɪm) Ex: “The winter storms blanketing the country can be blamed in part on the polar vortex.”
to cover something completely with a thick layer. (ricoprire)
to blanket (ˈblæŋ.kɪt) Ex: “Outside the fields were blanketed in fog.”
a strip or belt, or a long area of something (fascia).
swath (swɑθ)
Ex: “Snow and ice blanketed large swaths of the U.S.”
to cause something to happen or be done. (provocare, stimolare.) or to persuade to do something (spingere)
to prompt
Ex: “prompting canceled flights”.
the action or process of making something less severe or difficult (allentare)
to easing (back) Ex: “Nevada easing capacity limits on Las Vegas casinos”.
to try to win money by saying who will win a game, race, or competition
to gamble (ˈɡæm·bl) Ex: "He gambled all of our savings."
1) to remove something, or to reduce the influence of something
2) to reduce something such as a price or salary.
to roll back.
Ex: “You can’t roll back all the reforms of the last ten years.”
riprendere
to resume (rɪˈzjuːm) Ex: “The New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq will resume normal trading hours Tuesday after a three-day holiday weekend to celebrate George Washington's birthday.”
a V-shaped cut in a hard surface. (tacca) (come un’ascia su un albero)
notch/to notch
1) to build something large or complicated, such as a bridge or road.
2) to create something such as an idea or system by making various things fit together.
to construct (smt) out Ex: “What it says is you can have a president and a leader of a major political party construct out of whole cloth what happens in an election that goes completely against reality.”
in tutto e per tutto
of whole cloth
to arrange dishonestly for the result of something, for example an election, to be changed (corrotto)
to rig
Ex: “The all system is rigged, and we know the riggers.”
physical or mental activity needed to achieve something (sforzo)
effort (ef.ət)
Ex: “In their efforts to reduce crime the government expanded the police force.”
strongly or completely (prevalentemente)
overwhelmingly
Ex:”The team were overwhelmingly defeated in yesterday’s game.”
lungo la strada (nel senso di “in futuro”)
down the road
Ex: “his refusal to accept the outcome of a democratic election might serve as a model for him or some other candidate down the road.”
to introduce a new product or service.
to roll out
Ex: “Australia will roll out the prototype of its new jet fighter in January.”
The introduction of a new product, especially when it gradually becomes available in a large number of places.
rollout
Ex: “The rollout of vaccine against Covid-19.”
fare/prendere un voto
make a vow/take a vow
Ex:”I’ve made a vow that I’m going to study harder.”
giurare
to vow (vaʊ) Ex: “He is vowing to defend his mother.”
to accept or admit that something exists, is real or is true/to know or recognize that something is important. (Riconoscere/ammettere).
to acknowledge (əkˈnɒl.ɪdʒ) Ex: “She won’t acknowledge that there’s a problem.”
to seriously disturb; to throw into confusion (stravolgere)
to roil (rɔɪ) Ex: “Fears about Japan roiled world financial markets last week.”
problemi di sicurezza
safety concerns
Ex: “Detailed information on a Johnson & Johnson candidate vaccine for COVID-19 raises no safety concerns”.
“dare un pollice su” (meaning= ok)
give a thumbs up
Ex: “FDA will give the vaccine a thmubs up.”
to officially approve of something or to officially agree that something has been completed satisfactorily by signing your name.
to sign off
Ex: “The FDA advisory committee is expected to sign off on the vaccine.”
without being affected or influenced by someone or something. (indipendentemente).
regardless
struttura, impianto, strumenti
facility
Ex: “US bombs facilities in Syria.”
sollevare, rimuovere
to lift (lɪft) Ex: “Countries will lift restrictions on "non-essential" travel at the borders.”
1) immediately after doing something or after something happens.
2) if an event or time is upon you, it is going to happen very soon.
3) used after some verbs with the same meaning as ‘on’.
upon (əˈpɒn)
Ex: “People traveling from the U.S. to Canada must quarantine for 14 days upon arrival.”
Ex: “Christmas is almost upon us again.”
Ex: ”A police patrol happened upon a robbery in a bank yesterday.”
(especially of soldiers or the police) to go around an area or a building to see if there is any trouble or danger. (pattugliare)
to patrol (pəˈtrəʊl) Ex: “The whole town is patrolled by police because of the possibility of riots.”
a short journey for pleasure, sometimes including a stay (scampagnata).
jaunt (dʒɔːnt)
Ex: “The secretary of state’s first foreign trip is usually a symbolic jaunt marked by pomp (= fasto) and circumstance.”
1) something that you say to show what you are thinking or feeling, without saying it directly. (alludere)
2) something you say that suggests what you think or want, but not in a direct way (allusione)
to hint/hint
Ex: “He dropped (= made) several hints that he wanted a computer for his birthday.”
take a/the hint: (=understand what someone wants you to do).
to accidentally hit a part of your body against something when you are walking.
to walk into
Ex: “I walked into a table and got a nasty bruise.”
if you deserve something, it is right that you get it, for example because of the way you have behaved.
to deserve
Ex: “After five hours on your feet you deserve a break.”
to prepare yourself, or to prepare something for an activity or event
to gear (yourself) up Ex: “He bought scheduling software to gear up for the push (= somministrazione).
to take action when there is a need or opportunity for it. (farsi avanti)
to step up
Ex: “Investors have to step up and assume more responsibility for their assets.”
a large increase
step-up
“a step-up in sth” Ex: “We have seen a step-up in profits.”
the largest part of something
the lion’s share
Ex: “The lion’s share of his money went to his grandchildren.”
to increase, or to increase something such as a rate or level, especially the rate at which goods are produced.
to ramp up (ræmp)
Ex: “We’ve had to ramp up production to meet demand.”
to publicly support or suggest an idea, development, or way of doing something (sostenere).
to advocate (for) Ex: “They advocate publicly for stricter immigration controls.” “She advocates taking a more long-term view.”
to tell someone something.
to point out (that)
Ex: “He pointed out that we had two hours of free time before dinner.”
to examine something.
to survey (ˈsɜː.veɪ) Ex: “She carefully surveyed her technology options before selecting scheduling software.”
to send a lot of copies of the same document to a large number of people.
to sent out
Ex: “Millions of doses are sent out across the nation.”
clientelismo
influence peddling
to prove in a court of law that someone is guilty of a crime.
to convict (kənˈvɪkt) Ex: “He was convicted for having tried to illegally obtain information.”
to do something illegal or something that is considered wrong or “to make someone agree or promise to do something”
to commit (kəˈmɪt) Ex: “commit a murder” or “The agreement commits them to a minimum number of performances per year.”
stop taking part or get money from a bank or leave a place. (ritirarsi)
to withdraw (wɪðˈdrɔː) Ex: “Sarkozy withdrew from active politics.”
1) climb with difficulty.
2) compete to achieve something
to scramble (ˈskræm.bəl)
Ex: “She managed to scramble over the wall.”
Ex: “Americans scramble for shots.”
to try hard to do something that you find very difficult.
to struggle (ˈstrʌɡ.əl) Ex: “US struggles to make it easier to find COVID-19 vaccination appointments.”
to avoid someone or something by moving quickly, especially so that something does not hit you or someone does not see you, to avoid doing something in a clever or dishonest way.
to dodge (dɒdʒ) Ex: “Coronavirus variants can dodge some treatments and immunities.”
to increase or improve something, or to make it more interesting (rafforzare)
to beef sth up
Ex: “We need to find some new players to beef up the team.”
1) to hope or expect to get help, advice etc from someone. Look to someone for something/do something
2) to direct your thoughts or attention to something.
to look to
Ex: “As young children, we looked to our parents for guidance.”
Ex: “The party needs to look to the future and forget its past problems.”
to do things that you normally do.
to go about your business/day
Ex: “These were people going about their day, doing their shopping.”
to stop yourself from showing a feeling or emotion.
to choke back
Ex: “His police chief, Maris Herold, appeared to be choking back tears as she spoke to the media Monday night and confirmed the death toll.”
(both professional and informal): providing constant updates and new information regarding the said matter, referring to a developing situation.
to keep someone posted
Ex: “Alright. Let me know if anything changes.”
To ensure someone has the most current and accurate information.
to keep (someone or something) up to date
Ex: “The White House will be kept up to date on developments.”
Ex: “Please keep me up to date regarding the progress of the project”.
to produce a loud clear sound
to ring out
Ex: “After gunshots rang out, grocery workers helped customers in the store find safety.”
to make someone sad
to sadden (ˈsæd.ən) Ex: “Horrified and deeply saddened by the senseless violence that occurred at our King Soopers store.”
grim news, situations, or events are unpleasant and make you feel upset and worried. (cupo)
grim
Ex: “Colorado has a grim, recent history of shooting sprees.”
to prevent people from entering an area or a building.
to seal off (siːl)
Ex: “Police sealed off the area so that the investigations could begin.”
an attack from a hidden position. (= imboscata)
ambush (ˈæm.bʊʃ)
Ex: “One student was killed and eight others injured in an ambush attack.”
a paid number of days each year that an employee is allowed to be away from work.
annual leave
Ex: “I am on annual levae that week.”
a large number of people in the same place. (= folla).
crowd (kraʊd)
Ex: “Miami Beach plans to extend a state of emergency for the entertainment district to control spring break crowds.”
a law that does not allow people to go outside between a particular time in the evening and a particular time in the morning.
curfew (ˈkɜː.fjuː)
Ex: “The authorities declared a state of emergency and imposed a curfew.”
- to take something quickly and keep or hold it.
- to take using sudden force (conquistare)
- If the police or other officials seize something, they take possession of it with legal authority. (sequestrare)
to seize (siːz)
Ex: “He seized the chance/opportunity of a free flight with both hands (= with eagerness or enthusiasm).”
Ex: “Eastern towns were seized by the rebels two years ago.”
Ex: “Customs officers at Heathrow have seized 60 kilos of heroin”.
if someone is seized by an idea, they are strongly convinced that it is right.
to be seized by sth
Ex: “The prime minister was very seized by the need to build on everything he was seeing in that stadium.”
to lose ones temper in a surprising and entertaining way.
bust loose
Ex: “There’s no doubt that Americans who have largely been confined to their homes the past year can hardly wait to bust loose.”
to sit down on your heels OR to make yourself comfortable in a place or situation, or to prepare to stay in a place or position for a long time, usually in order to achieve something or for protection.
to hunker down
Ex: “Carol Tucker, 68, of Cranston, Rhode Island, has been hunkering down with her husband, son and daughter-in-law.”
to eat dinner in a restaurant instead of at home.
to dine out
Ex: “I’m eager to resume dining out after the pandemia.”
a short period when you are ill or you feel unhappy.
bout
Ex: “bout of: a bout of flu/depression/homesickness.”
When you shift up, you move the gear lever in the vehicle you are driving in order to use a higher gear. (= ingranare la marcia).
to shift up
a few words that give the facts or your opinion about someone or something.
remark
Ex: “Nicholas is well known for making outrageous remarks.”
to express strong approval or admiration for someone or something, especially in public (lodare).
to praise
Ex: “The PM also reportedly praised work by large drug companies during the pandemic.”
to push something quickly into another thing or towards another thing (usually with fingers). OR an injection of a drug.
to jab
Ex: “But the latest figures show jabs being administered across the EU at less than a third of the rate achieved so far in the UK.”
to say things deliberately in order to cause trouble between people [fomentare]
to stir up
Ex: “And it’s vehemently denied that the PM’s comments were designed to stir up anything in the row with the EU.”
to spoil; to make a mess of (fare un casino)
to mess up
Ex: “Mr Johnson realised he had messed up as soon as he had said it.”
to add something to a liquid or substance and mix it.
to stir in
Ex: “Cook the mixture for 3 minutes, then stir in the flour.”
- (noun) a solid piece of something that does not have a regular shape (=grumo).
- (verb) (usually with together) to treat or think of as (all) alike
lump/ to lump
Ex: “Water lumps are formed depending on the wettability of the powder”.
Ex: “She lumped all men together, and didn’t trust any of them.”
1) a sudden violent movement OR a sudden strong increase in energy. (scossa, sobbalzo).
2) to make someone or something suddenly move forward (far sobbalzare)
jault/ to jault (dʒəʊlt)
Ex: “ With a sudden jolt the train started moving.”
Ex: “We were jolted forward when the bus stopped suddenly.”
in this statement, contract, or situation.
herein
Ex: “Herein, we demonstrate how….”
a part of a device that you push down into it (pistone).
plunger (ˈplʌn.dʒər)
Ex: “He pressed down the plunger of his cafetière.”
the number of people who want to do something such as use a service or study a particular subject (=assorimento?).
uptake
Ex: “There was an especially high uptake in the Business Management course.”
to stop becoming more or less, and remain the same (stabilizzare).
to level off
Ex: “I am interested to see if when you increase the concentration that the foam performance levels off.”
if a vehicle or driver pulls over, they stop by the side of the road. OR if the police pull a vehicle over, they order its driver to stop at the side of the road.
to pull over
Ex: ”a Black woman in her late 60s was pulled over by a police officer.”
negare un’accusa
deny a charge
Ex: “She denied a charge.”
not thinking about the possible bad effects of your actions.
reckless
Ex: “Reckless license.”
very worried and with a lot of problems, full of problems, difficulties, or things that are confusing.
fraught
Ex: “Police and activists agree that these stops are fraught with danger for both citizens and police.”
(procuratore/avvocato)
attorney (əˈtɜː.ni)
Ex: “New York Attorney General Letitia James announced she’s joining forces with Manhattan District Attorney Cyrus Vance in a criminal investigation of the Trump Organization.”
portavoce
spokesman
Ex: “James spokesman Fabien Levy said in a statement first reported late Tuesday by CNN.”
a written or spoken announcement on an important subject that someone makes in public
statement
Ex: ”He had been instructed not to make any statements to the press about the incident.”. make a statement.
determined to achieve something and continuing to try despite difficulties. (tenace)
dogged (ˈdɒɡ.ɪd)
Ex: “Their success was due to the dogged determination of their coach.” to be dogged: essere perseguitato.
the quality or state of being salient.
salience
Ex: “The implications of a criminal investigation into Trump and those in his close orbit have gained particular salience because Trump now lacks any immunity he enjoyed while president.”
to prevent something from being seen or heard
to obscure
Ex: “Prosecutors are especially interested in whether Trump obscured debts in order to obtain valuable loans and other financial negotiations.
to suddenly release a violent force that cannot be controlled.
to unleash (ʌnˈliːʃ) Ex: “Israel unleashes airstrikes after vowing to press on in Gaza.”
to continue traveling or doing something.
to press on
Ex: “Israel unleashes airstrikes after vowing to press on in Gaza.”
to delay something so that it happens later than planned.
to push back
Ex: “The latest strikes came after Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu pushed back against U.S. pressure to wind down the offensive against Gaza.”
if a business, situation, activity, etc. winds down, or is wound down, it gradually ends
to wind down
Ex: “The latest strikes came after Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu pushed back against U.S. pressure to wind down the offensive against Gaza.”
broken pieces of stone and brick from buildings, walls etc that have been destroyed. reduce something to rubble (=destroy it completely).
rubble
Ex: “Residents surveyed the rubble from at least five family homes destroyed.”
to take someone to hospital for medical treatment.
to hospitalize (ˈhɒs.pɪ.təl.aɪz) Ex: “The 11 residents were all wounded and hospitalized.”
a disagreement between two people or groups.
a large crack in the ground or in rock:
rift
Ex: “It marks the first public rift between the two close allies.”
to continue with an activity in a determined or enthusiastic way, especially when it is difficult or makes you feel tired.
to push ahead
Ex: “They have decided to push ahead with the legal action.”
minaccia di sfratto
threatened eviction
Ex: “the threatened eviction of dozens of Palestinian families by Jewish settlers had inflamed tensions.”
to escape from a dangerous situation or place very quickly.
to flee
Ex: “Some 58,000 Palestinians have fled their homes.”
if an injury or sore place on your body festers, it becomes infected. If food or waste material festers, it starts to decay and smell bad. If a problem or unpleasant feeling festers, it becomes worse because no one has dealt with it. (suppurare)
fester (ˈfestə(r))
Ex: “Many water towers have been left to fester”.
a device that controls the flow of liquid, especially water, from a pipe. (rubinetto)
to knock or touch something gently.
tap (tæp) / to tap
Ex: “Residents noticed something strange about the water coming from their taps.”
Ex: “I tapped her on the back to get her attention.”
with an unpleasant smell
smelly
a small area of one colour on a background of another colour.
fleck (noun)/ flecked (adj.)
Ex: “Flecked with bits of dirt.”
at the top of something.
atop (əˈtop)
Ex: “A mansion atop a hill.”
printed, drawn, or decorated in a very noticeable way.
emblazoned (ɪmˈbleɪ·zənd)
Ex: “Emblazoned with logos.”
something, such as a swimming pool or shopping centre, that is intended to make life more pleasant or comfortable for the people in a town, hotel, or other place.
amenity (/əˈmiːnəti)
Ex: “The council has some spare cash, which it proposes to spend on public amenities.”
1) an amount of money given especially by the government to a person or organization for a special purpose.
2) (verb) to give or allow someone something, usually in an official way. (concedere)
grant (ɡrɑːnt) / to grant
Ex: “A student grant”
Ex: “He was granted asylum.” to accept that something is true, often before expressing an opposite opinion.
to become swollen and uncomfortable or to cause this to happen.
to bloat (bləʊt) Ex: “If I eat it, my stomach bloats up.”
to sink underwater and die
to drown (draʊn) Ex: “He fell overboard and nearly drowned.”
a mistake made because of a failure to notice something.
oversight (ˈəʊ.və.saɪt)
Ex: “They claimed it was simply (an) oversight.”
an increase in number or amount
buildup
Ex: “Required interior inspections needed to check for sediment buildup.”
the process of making sure that something happens, especially that people obey a law or rule.
enforcement (ɪnˈfɔːs.mənt)
Ex: “Enforcement of these rules can be lax.”
without much care, attention, or control (negligente)
lax
Ex: “Enforcement of these rules can be lax.”
- a sudden light fall of snow, blown in different directions by the wind. (raffica, folata)
- a sudden, short period of activity, excitement, or interest.
flurry (ˈflʌr.i)
Ex: “We might see a snow flurry or two tonight.”
Ex: “The prince’s words on marriage have prompted a flurry of speculation in the press this week.”
a public service such as gas, water, or electricity that is used by everyone
utility
Ex: “The regulation of privatized utilities.”
to cause someone to believe something that is not true. (trarre in inganno, fuorviare, mettere fuori strada).
to mislead (mɪsˈliːd) Ex: “Someone at the water department misled the agency at the time.”
an attempt to prevent the public from discovering information about a serious crime or mistake.
to cover up
Ex: “They regularly lie to cover themselves up.”
- to happen in a particular way or to have a particular result, especially an unexpected one. (risultare)
- to be known or discovered finally and surprisingly.
to turn out
Ex: “For President Joe Biden, the second 100 days are turning out to be harder than the first.”
Ex: “As it turned out, the storm missed Puerto Rico.”
showing confidence and the ability to make good judgments in a difficult situation (confident)
sure-footed
Ex: “After a sure-footed start in office focused on the priorities.”
if a vehicle or driver pulls into a place, they stop there. Ex: “The train pulled into Central Station.
to pull into
Ex: “We had to pull into a town for fuel.”
to direct a person’s attention away from an activity or subject towards another one that is less important. (distrarre noun: distrazione).
to sidetrack / sidetrack
Ex: “The students sidetracked their teacher into talking about her hobby.”
to get sidetracked: Ex: “It’s easy to get sidetracked by the design details.”
to cause a lot of problems for someone or something. (tormentare)
to bedevil (bɪˈdev.əl) Ex: "I've been bedevilled by back pains.”
1) to refuse to tell someone (something) [nascondere].
2) to prevent from happening, being seen etc, with an effort. [trattenere]
3) to prevent from making progress [trattenere, essere di ostacolo]
to hold back
Ex: “The police were convinced that the man was holding something back.”
Ex: “The little girl succeeded in holding back her tears.”
Ex: “I meant to finish cleaning the house, but the children have held me back all morning.”
to control/limit something that is harmful. [tenere a freno].
to curb (kɜːb) Ex: “to curb inflation/ to curb rising cases./to curb tax evasion” o (noun) restraint.
noun (in a legislature) a way of preventing a law from being passed by using the rules or making long speeches to delay voting on it. (also verb: fare ostruzionismo)
to filibuster (ˈfɪl.ɪ.bʌs.tər) Ex: “The senator threatened to filibuster if jobs in his state were not protected.”
to hit something very hard while moving fast, causing injury or damage.
to smash into: (smash into something)
Ex: “His car smashed into a tree.”
- to laugh and talk about a person or idea in a way that shows that you think they are stupid or silly (deridere, schernire)
- also to eat a lot of something very quickly (divorare)
to scoff (skɒf)
Ex: “Republicans on Friday scoffed at the administration’s offer to cut the bill.”
Ex: “Who scoffed all the pizza?”.
[arrivare al punto] to stop talking about unimportant details and say what is most important.
to get the point
- to stumble or hesitate
2. to falter is also to move or speak without confidence or with pauses.
to falter (ˈfɒl.tər) Ex: “She walked without faltering.” Ex: “But let's not falter at this most crucial of transitions that is coming at us right now.”
- to increase continuously in a way that seems threatening.
2. to compare with another thing of a similar type.
to stack up
Ex: “Problems in the industry have stacked up in recent months.”
Ex: “How Dr. Anthony Fauci’s private comments in newly released emails stack up with what he said in public?
to destroy or reduce the pleasure, interest, or beauty of something. (guastare)
to spoil
Ex: “Italy spoil England’s homecoming party.”
to criticize someone who has criticized you/to deliberately hit someone because they have hit you/to start to play well against an opponent who was winning.
to hit back
Ex: “Jack Grealish angrily hits back at Roy Keane.”
to shout cruel things at someone in order to make them angry or upset (schernire)
to taunt (tɔːnt) Ex: “Bonucci and Jorginho taunt England over penalty loss to Italy at Euro 2020.”
to stop being involved in an activity, event, or situation. (ritirarsi, tirarsi fuori).
to pull out
Ex: “The firm is pulling out of the personal computer business.” “I pulled out of the company dinner.”
to raise the economic and social conditions of one part of a society or country so they are equivalent to those in wealthier parts.
level up
Ex: “Sunak unveils Budget to ‘Level Up’ Britain”.
- to help something to develop over a period of time (promuovere, favorite).
- to look after a child as part of your family for a time, without becoming their legal parent. (prendere in affidamento).
to foster (ˈfɒs.tər)
Ex: “to foster economy”
Ex: “Would you consider fostering (a child)?”.
- to use something or someone, especially in an effective way
- if a government or army deploys soldiers or weapons, it uses them.
- if a government or army deploys soldiers or weapons, it uses them.
to deploy (dɪˈplɔɪ)
Ex: “The company is reconsidering the way in which it deploys its resources/staff.”
Ex: “Mr Sunak has a bit more money to deploy.”
Ex: “The driver’s airbag had failed to deploy.”
- to start to be successful again after a difficult period, for example after experiencing failure, loss of confidence, illness, or unhappiness.
- if a market or price bounces back, it rises again after falling.
to bounce back (baʊns)
Ex: “Children often seem to bounce back from illness more quickly than adults do.”
Ex: “due to the strong bounceback from the pandemic.”
a lack of something that you need or want
shortage (ˈʃɔː.tɪdʒ)
Ex: “Labour shortage”
- If ideas or stories about somebody or something swirl, they are often heard but may not be based on fact or may not always say the same thing
- to move quickly with a twisting, circular movement, or to make something do this.
to swirl (swɜːl) Ex: "“Rumours are swirling."
- to increase the cost of something
- (noun) a sudden large increase in the amount or level of something.
- to walk a long distance, esp. in the countryside.
to hike (haɪk)
Ex: “The minimum wage will be hiked.”
Ex: “The recent hike in train fares came as a shock to commuters.”
ondata/impennata
surge (sɜːdʒ)
Ex: “the surge in infections.”
the sudden start of war, disease, violence etc.
outbreak (ˈaʊt.breɪk)
Ex: “a surge of outbreaks in classrooms”.
to be more important, useful, or valuable than something else.
outweigh (ˌaʊtˈweɪ)
Ex: “The benefits outweigh the risks”.
to be suddenly reduced to a much lower level.
to slump (slʌmp) Ex: “Infections may even slump to the 5,000 mark over the coming months.”
arretrato. an amount of work or other things that you should already have done or dealt with.
backlog (ˈbæk.lɒɡ)
Ex: “To clear a backlog.”
an official statement ordering people not to do, sell, or use something.
to ban (bæn)
ban on: Ex: “Ban on mixing with people from other householders”.
impose (ɪmˈpəʊz) a ban (=start it): They agreed to impose an immediate ban on sales.
lift a ban (=end it): The ban is unlikely to be lifted this year.
if a feeling or power wanes, it becomes weaker or less important (calare).
to wane (weɪn) Ex: “to waning immunity”. “The moon wanes”
to distribute or give to people.
to dish out
Ex: “Booster doses should be dished out as fast as possible.”
to increase or improve
to pick up
Ex: “it also has a much highest testing rate, meaning more cases are picked up.”
to cause something to be not straight or exact; to twist or distort (distorcere, travisare).
to skew (skjuː) Ex: “There is a bit of a skew.” noun: obliquo, inclinazione.
to make something begin
to start off
Ex: “We started off well with our vaccination programme but we haven’t finished well.”
to gradually become less serious or extreme.
to abate (əˈbeɪt) Ex: “The storm/wind/rain has started to abate.”
to make something increase or become worse, especially something unpleasant. (alimentare)
to fuel (fjuː.əl) Ex: “So this epidemic has been largely fuelled by huge rates of infection in younger people.”
a noisy argument or fight. (controversia)
row
Ex: “The incident has caused the row over post-Brexit fishing licenses to explode between Britain and France.”
- to wear clothes that are more informal than the clothes that you usually wear.
- to speak in an angry way to someone who has done something wrong.
dress down
Ex: “She always tried to dress down on her first date with a man.”
dress down someone
Ex: “Foreign Secretary Liz Truss summoned the French ambassador for a dressing down on Friday.”
to support, defend, or fight for a person, belief, right, or principle enthusiastically:
to champion
Ex: “The WHO has long championed the need for children to stay in school.”
probably going to happen or probably true.
likely
Ex: “Those groups are 10 times more likely to develop severe disease.”
“di seguire l’esempio.”
to follow suit (suːt)
Ex: “Other EU capitals expected to follow suit.”
an important official in a government, especially someone who is in charge of a particular department.
Commissioner (kəˈmɪʃ.ən.ər/)
Ex: “The children’s commissioner for England.”
to (cause to) go or do something very quickly
to rush (rʌʃ) Ex: “against rushing to making vaccination mandatory given the risk to public acceptance.”
to cause the start of something, especially an argument or fighting. (scatenare)
to spark (spɑːk) or spark off Ex: “Omicron variant sparks fear.”
to become or cause to become smaller, sometimes because of wetness, heat, or cold (restringersi)
to shrink (down) Ex: “They shrink down and are like, ‘No. Now I know why I need to be vaccinated.’
in the middle of or surrounded by of
amid (əˈmɪd)
Ex:”Even as infection rates nationally start to surge again amid fears of the highly contagious new Omicron variant.”
- to cause worry to someone.
- to be important to someone or to involve someone directly.
- (noun) a worried or nervous feeling about something, or something that makes you feel worried.
to concern (kənˈsɜːn)
Ex: “The state of my father’s health concerns us greatly.”
Ex: “Matters of pollution and the environment concern us all.”
Ex: “The Omicron variant has sparked fresh concerns and warnings.”
a group of people meeting together or the process or activity of collecting information.
gathering (ˈɡæð.ər.ɪŋ)
Ex: “Holidays gatherings.” “The gathering of information.”
If a relationship is strained, problems are spoiling it.
strained (streɪnd)
Ex: “That trend has strained the capacity of hospitals in the Cleveland area.”
to say that something is true, even though there is no definite proof (sostenere, asserire).
to claim (kleɪm) Ex: “It has been claimed."
to (cause something to) become larger or to include a larger amount or number (allargare).
to widen (ˈwaɪ.dən) Ex: “The investigation was subsequently widened to include another festive celebration.”
to say that something is true or that someone has done something wrong or illegal, even though this has not been proved. (afferire/accusare/incriminare)
to allege (əˈledʒ) Ex: “The defence alleges that Jones was beaten up while in police custody.”
per distacco
by a country mile
Ex: “I’ve known 12 prime ministers in my life and by a country mile Boris Jhonson is the worst.”
to turn something so that its bottom or side is upwards (ribaltare).
to overturn (ˌəʊ.vəˈtɜːn) Ex: “The high court has ruled as it overturned a judgment earlier this year.”
to decree.
to rule (ruːl) Ex: “The court ruled that laws passed by the assembly remained valid.” To rule someone out: to exclude. To rule something out: to stop considering something as a possibility (escludere). Ex: “Extra Bank Holiday for England’s Euro 2020 success RULED OUT after crushing defeat to Italy.”.
- to state an idea or opinion, or to suggest a plan or person, for other people to consider (proporre).
- to officially suggest that someone should be considered for a particular job or position.
to put forward
Ex: “He rejected all the proposals put forward by the committee.”
Ex: “Your name was put forward as a possible team leader.”
errore giudiziario
miscarriage (ˈmɪsˌkær.ɪdʒ/) of justice
Ex: “a “Grave miscarriage of justice.”” N.B.=miscarrige=aborto. Ex: “Miscarriage research center”.
a situation, action, or event that shocks you because it is very different from what it should be or because it seems very unfair.
a travesty of justice
Ex: “Jensen called the verdict a travesty of justice.”
a mistake or fault in something that makes it useless or less effective (pecca)
flaw (flɔː)
Ex: “There are serious flaws in the way we train our teachers.”
an official statement accusing someone of committing a serious crime, or the document with which this is done. (atto di accusa) or something that shows how bad or wrong something is.
indictment (ɪnˈdaɪt.mənt)
Ex: “The US government’s indictment poses a grave threat to press freedom both in the United States and abroad.”
completely: often used for emphasizing how bad someone or something is.
utterly (ˈʌt.əl.i)
Ex: “This is an utterly shameful development.”
infliggere un duro colpo.
deals a major blow
to make a legal claim against someone, usually to get money from them because they have done something bad to you. (querelare/accusare)
to sue (suː) Ex: “A group has threatened to sue the Metropolitan Police over their decision not to investigate allegations”.
The legal claim is called a lawsuit.
to make someone feel nervous about something.
to stress out
Ex: “Stop talking about the exam all the time, you’re stressing me out!”.
to make a feeling stronger (alimentare).
to stoke
Ex: “Macron and Scholz in crisis talks as Putin’s 600% gas hike (see above) stokes imminent invasion fears.”
something that is bound to happen will almost certainly happen.
bound to
Ex: “Tensions are bound to run high at the “Normandy 3” summit with the controversial Nord Stream 2 project weighing heavily over the newly-minted German Chancellor.”
an attitude or view about an issue that you state clearly (atteggimaneto/postura).
stance(stɑːns)
Ex: “Ukraine has taken a hardline stance on the gas pipeline.”
strict or extreme in your beliefs or opinions, and not willing to change them.
hard line
EX: “The government wants to take a hard line against the strikers.”
Ex: “a hard-line politician.”
the period of time during which someone has an important job or is an elected official (mandato).
tenure (ˈten.jər)
Ex: “£8billion (€9.5billion) pipeline was secured under the tenure of former chancellor Angela Merkel.”
nota dolente
a sore point/spot/subject
to deliberately not give something to someone. (trattenere)
to withhold (wɪðˈhəʊld) Ex:”the Kremlin has been accused of strategically withholding supplies to push through the Nord Stream 2 certification process.”
to succeed in getting a law, agreement etc accepted quickly although a lot of people oppose it.
to push through
problems and worries (formal).
woe (wəʊ)
Ex:”Putin has openly claimed certifying the pipeline would solve the bloc’s energy woes.”
essere messo da parte.
to be sidelined
Ex: “The pundits behind Politico’s Brussels Playbook expect the issue of Nord Stream 2 to be sidelined at the Normandy 3 meeting.”
someone who is an expert in a subject, and is often asked to talk to the public about that subject.
pundit (ˈpʌndɪt)
Ex: “a political/foreign-policy/sports pundit”
if something such as a fire, storm, or bomb rips through a place, it damages or destroys the place very quickly.
to rip through
Ex: “More records will be set as Omicron rips through the UK.”
pressure put on something by a bad situation (pressione) or by too much weight or force or a particular type of animal, insect, plant or microorganism (ceppo).
strain
Ex: “The new strain was spreading at a “phenomenal” rate.”
someone whose job is the second most important in a department or organization, and who takes the responsibilities of the most important person in some situations.
deputy (ˈdep.jə.ti)
Ex: “Deputy prime minister.”
to fall quickly from a high position or to suddenly put someone or something in a much less successful situation, or to be suddenly put in such a situation. (piombare/far piombare)
to plunge (plʌndʒ) Ex: “Boris Johnson was forced to plunge large parts of England into a full lockdown.”
to finally do something important, difficult, or dangerous after thinking about it.
take the plunge
Ex: “I took the plunge, I quit my day job.”
to make your body physically stronger or more healthy or to give support to a position or argument.
to strengthen (ˈstreŋ.θən) Ex: “The new evidence strengthens Wilkins’ case.”
to offer help or information (farsi avanti).
to come forward
Ex: “The National Blood Service is anxious for more donors to come forward.”
fare un salto
to pop down
Ex: “You never know when you need to pop down to the shops.”
- If a place is bleak, it is empty, and not welcoming or attractive.
- If a situation is bleak, there is little or no hope for the future (cupo).
bleak (bliːk)
Ex: ”The house stands on a bleak, windswept hilltop.”
Ex: “Things look very bleak for the team.”
to consider the good and bad aspects of something in order to reach a decision about it (ponderare).
to weigh (weɪ) up Ex: “Mr. Johnson is now reportedly weighing up three plans.”
- stuzzichino
2. to eat something by taking a lot of small bites
nibble
Ex: “Dot hand sanitiser around the room alongside the nibbles!”.
Ex: “Sheep were nibbling the grass.”
to put something in the place where it was before it was moved or to change the time or date of an event so that it happens later than originally planned.
to put back
Ex: “Restrictions on weddings and funerals will be put back into place.”
a place where people on holiday can stay in tents or other temporary shelters, usually with toilets and a supply of water. (campeggio).
campsite
Ex: “Campsites and ‘self-contained accommodation’ will remain open.”
the activity of showing respect and love for a god, for example by singing or praying (culto).
worship (ˈwɜː.ʃɪp)
Ex: “Places of worship will be open and communal worship is allowed.”
an official number that has been counted or calculated.
figure (ˈfɪɡ.ər)
Ex: “The latest preliminary figures from the Department for Transport show demand for trains was at 60% of pre-pandemic levels.”
when you say something obviously directed toward someone without actually saying their names.
sly dig
Ex: “Dr. Amir Khan made a sly dig at the Prime Minister on Good Morning Britain.”
- to cut with a sharp blade using a quick, strong movement.
2. to reduce something by a large amount or to cut someone or something in a violent way.
to slash
Ex: ”We had to slash (our way) through the long grass to clear a path”.
Ex: “Covid self-isolation rules slashed to seven days.”
a formal speech given by someone to a group of people, especially as part of an important occasion
address (əˈdres)
Ex: “In an address this evening the Prime Minister said the rules would not change ahead of the big day.”
manifestazione
demonstration, protest
to get rid of an unpleasant or uncomfortable feeling by sleeping, especially after eating or drinking too much.
to sleep off
Ex:”The day after the wedding, I’ll still be sleeping off the champagne.”
to make someone disappointed by not doing something that they are expecting you to do, or to work less hard or make more mistakes than the people who you are working with.
to let down
Ex:”The families of the victims feel that the justice system has let them down.”
to invite someone to go with you to a cinema, restaurant etc because you want to start a romantic or sexual relationship with them.
to ask someone out
Ex: “Finally he asked her out”.
too confident and relaxed because you think you can deal with something easy, even though this may not be true. (compiaciuto)
complacent (kəmˈpleɪ.sənt)
Ex: “These results are good, but we cannot afford to be complacent.”
a special reason for wanting things to happen in a particular way, because you will benefit from this. (interesse personale)
vested interest
Ex: “Italy has a vested and moral interest in sharing vaccines.”
done quickly and without being careful (frettoloso, a casaccio).
slapdash (ˈslæp·dæʃ)
Ex: “He gets his work done quickly, but he’s very slapdash.”
a group of similar or connected things.
string
Ex: “A string of islands.”
a careless or embarrassing mistake.
blunder (ˈblʌn.dər)
Ex: “A string of economic blunders.”
to ask or demand to have something returned because you have a right to it. (rivendicare)
claim back
Ex: “You can claim back the tax on these items.”
Ex: “Putin is trying to recreate a Russian Empire in his mind, claim back places which he defines as Russia.”
Predict as likely to win or achieve something
to tip
Ex: ““The Juventus team is tipped to win serie A”.”
to not continue with a system or plan (smantellare, rottamare).
to scrap (skræp) Ex: “Covid PCR tests scrapped for people with no symptoms in England from January 11.”
to make someone unconscious.
to knock out
Ex: “He hit me and nearly knocked me out.”
sanità.
houseservice
the way that the level of the sea regularly rises and falls during the day.
tide (taɪd)
Ex: “The tide comes in or rises, then it turns and goes out or falls, and then turns again. At its highest point the tide is in and it is high tide, and at its lowest point the tide is out and it is low tide.”
stuff dell’ospedale
hospital stuff
ricetta dal dottore
prescription
a leaky object or container has a hole or crack in it so that liquid or gas comes out of it.
leaky (ˈliː.ki)
Ex: “Leaky roof”.
scuola fatiscente
crumbling school
asilo
kindergarten (ˈkɪn.dəˌɡɑː.tən)
Ex: “Kindergarten teacher.”
to question (a person) closely (torchiare).
to grill
Ex: “Susanna Reid grilled health minister Edward Argar on today’s show.”
per sfruttare al massimo il tempo.
to make the most of the weather
in maniera inopportuna.
awkwardly (ˈɔː.kwəd.li)
Ex: “He laughed awkwardly and said.”
- a piece of startling news.
2. a sexy woman.
bombshell:
Ex: “His sudden resignation was a real bombshell.”
Ex: “A blonde bombshell”
drinking or containing a lot of alcohol.
boozy (ˈbuː.zi)
Ex: “A boozy shindig.”
a noisy event or situation, especially a large, energetic party, celebration, etc.
shindig (ˈʃɪn.dɪɡ)
Ex: “Nobody needs an official to tell them if they were at a boozy shindig in their own garden.”
to finish, use, or sell all of something, so that there is none left. If a supply of something runs out, all of it has been used or it is completely finished: If a document or official agreement runs out, the period of time for which it lasts finishes
to run out
Ex: “My passport runs out next month.” “I’ve run out of milk.”
to end someone’s employment, especially temporarily, because there is not enough work for them.
to lay (leɪ) off Ex: “They’ve had to cut back production and lay off workers.”
- to arrange something on a flat surface
- to spend money, especially a large amount.
- to explain something clearly, usually in writing.
to lay out
Ex:”Most of Manhattan is laid out in/on a grid pattern.”
Ex: “It’s not every day you lay out $500 on a dress.”
Ex: “The documents lay out the principles clearly enough.”
to act or shout in great anger.
to rage
Ex: “Deluded Boris Johnson today raged he will stay and win the next election.”
to make someone believe something that is not true (illudere).
to delude (dɪˈluːd) Ex: “He's deluding himself if he thinks he's going to be promoted this year.”
to physically attack and badly hurt a person or animal.
to maul (mɔːl) Ex: “A jogger was mauled by a huge bear.”
a large container with a handle and often with wheels for carrying clothes and possessions while traveling.
suitcase (ˈsuːt.keɪs)
Ex: “Have you packed your suitcase yet?”.
- money that is earned from doing work or received from investments.
- a company’s profit in a particular period.
income (ˈɪŋ.kʌm)
Ex: “More help is needed for people on low incomes.”
Ex: “The company’s income has greatly improved: profit rose more than 50 percent last year.”
an agreement that allows you to borrow money from a bank or similar organization, especially in order to buy a house, or the amount of money itself (mutuo).
mortgage (ˈmɔː.ɡɪdʒ)
Ex: “A monthly mortgage payment.”
to find or show the connection between two or more things.
relate (rɪˈleɪt)
Ex: “We need to explain why these issues are important and relate them to everyday life.”
- to start to sleep.
2. to become lower in level, value, price, etc.
to drop off
Ex: “Business dropped off a little during the summer.”
- to put down or drop something in a careless way.
2. to suddenly end a romantic relationship you have been having with someone.
to dump (dʌmp) Ex: “He came in with four shopping bags and dumped them on the table.” Ex: “If he's so awful, why don't you just dump him?”
from one side to the other of something with clear limits, such as an area of land, a road, or a river.
across
Ex: “She walked across the field/road.”
to fall very quickly and suddenly
to plummet (ˈplʌm.ɪt) Ex: “Temperatures have already plummeted to -7°C.”
to feel extremely worried or frightened about something that is going to happen or that might happen (avere paura di, temere)
to dread
Ex: “Diane is dreading the energy bill rising to come.”
to risk going somewhere or doing something that might be dangerous or unpleasant, or to risk saying something that might be criticized.
to venture
Ex: “Since the pandemic, Diane only ventures out to get her prescriptions because she is asthmatic.”
to complaint (lagnarsi)
to moan
Ex: “I refuse to moan about it.”
- having a lot of problems or difficulties.
2. surrounded by an army. (circondato).
beleaguered (bɪˈliː.ɡəd)
Ex: “The arrival of the fresh medical supplies was a welcome sight for the beleaguered doctors working in the refugee camps.”
to use something or someone that you have used many times before in a way that is boring for other people.
to wheel (wiːl) sth out. Ex: "Every time we have this argument you wheel out the same old statistics, and I'm still not convinced!"
to cause someone to become involved in an argument or a difficult situation.
to embroil (ɪmˈbrɔɪl) Ex: “Tory Grant Shapps put forward some excuses for Boris Johnson who is embroiled in yet another row over pandemic parties.”
- to say a prayer or make a sacrifice (= an act of killing or giving up something) to a god.
- to provide something that is intended to impress, please, or satisfy someone.
to offer up
Ex: “He offered up a string of excuses.”
the radio waves used for broadcasting radio and television programmes, or, more generally, radio or television broadcasting time.
airwaves (ˈeə.weɪvz)
Ex: “The new series will be on the airwaves at 6 p.m. every Tuesday.”
to start eating something eagerly (informal).
to tuck in/tuck into sth
Ex: “They tucked into picnic food.”
- to introduce something so that it can be seen or discussed
- to change the date or time of an event so that it happens earlier than planned
to bring forward
Ex: “The police brought forward some new evidence in the case.”
Ex: “We had to change the meeting’s time, bring it forward or put it off.”
large in quantity and expensive or impressive (abbondante copioso)
lavish (ˈlæv.ɪʃ)
Ex: “lavish gifts/promises/praise.”
- (noun) the process of changing or arranging something again, in order to improve it. (ristrutturazione).
- to change or arrange something again, in order to improve it (risrutturare, rinnovare).
(to) revamp (ˌriːˈvæmp)
Ex: “He was working on the lavish revamp of the flat.”
Ex: “The walled garden was completely revamped last year.”
someone who makes people obey a law or rule, or makes a particular situation happen or be accepted.
enforcer (ɪnˈfɔː.sər)
Ex: “Along the borders, law enforcers have been increasing their numbers.”
a statement, made without giving proof, that someone has done something wrong or illegal.
allegation (æl.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən)
Ex: “Sue Gray is investigating a slew of allegations of lockdown-breaking parties.”
a large amount or number.
slew (sluː)
Ex: “Sue Gray is investigating a slew of allegations of lockdown-breaking parties.”
in a way that is done without knowing or planning (adverb)
unwittingly (ʌnˈwɪt.ɪŋ.li)
Ex: “Unwittingly transgressed the rules during lockdowns.”
- to arrive somewhere to join a group of people, especially late or unexpectedly.
- to arrive for a gathering or event.
- to appear or be seen.
to show up
Ex: “I invited him for eight o’clock, but he didn’t show up until 9.30.”
Ex: “He showed up late for the meeting.”
Ex: “The virus does not show up in blood tests.”
- to send something through the air with force, especially by a sudden movement of the arm (lanciare).
- to cause to move or act quickly or carelessly.
- to confuse or shock someone or cause difficulty for them.
to throw
Ex: “My friend threw the ball back over the fence.”
Ex: “She threw back her hair.”
Ex: “I wasn’t expecting a visitor. I was really thrown.”
to look quickly or suddenly
to throw a glance/look
Ex: “The boy threw a frightened look in the direction of the house.”
- to open something that was closed, usually suddenly and completely
- to allow people to enter or become involved in an event
to throw sth open
Ex: “She drew back the curtains and threw open all the windows.”
Ex: “The competition has been thrown open to the public.”
to have a party
to throw a party
Ex: “Flavio threw a party for Colin’s 50th birthday.”
to experience and show a strong feeling of anger, especially suddenly
to throw a fit/tantrum
Ex: “My mother threw a fit when she saw what a mess we’d made of her kitchen.”
- to become interested in a new activity and to spend time doing it
- to start a new job or have anew responsability.
to take something up
(tape up a post/a position/duties etc..)
Ex: “Roger took painting up for a while, but soon lost interest.”
Ex: “The headteacher takes up duties in August.”
- If a river, lake, etc. dries up, the water in it disappears. (prosciugare).
- If a supply of something dries up, it ends.
- to no longer exist or be available.
to dry up
Ex: “Sean Ward has confessed he had to give up his house after sharing his anti-vax views led to his work drying up.”
to start to talk more about yourself and your feelings.
to open up
Ex: “Sean Ward has opened up about how he lost almost everything after he shared his anti-vax views regarding the Covid-19 pandemic.”
to be able to buy or do something because you have enough money or time (permettersi)
can afford
Ex: “I couldn’t afford the rent.”
- in the end, especially after a long time (infine, alla fine, finalmente)
- at the end of a process or period of time in which many things happen.
eventually (ɪˈven·tʃu·ə·li)
Ex: “Eventually I couldn’t afford the rent.”
to say in public what you think about something such as a law or an official plan or action. (parlare apertamente)
to speak out (against something)
Ex: “I was devastated but I couldn’t ask anyone for help because it was my choice to speak out.”
Ex: “He decided to speak out against the bombing.”
value
worth
- be worth something:
to have a particular value, especially in money (valere qualcosa) Ex: “Our house is worth about £300,000.”
- be worth it:
to be useful or enjoyable despite needing a lot of effort (valerne la pena). Ex: “It was a long climb up the mountain, but the view was worth it.”
- be worth doing, seeing, trying, etc.:
to be useful or enjoyable to do, see, try, etc. (valere la pena di fare, vedere, provare, ecc.) Ex: “It’s not as good as his last book, but it’s definitely worth reading.”
- If a condition subsides, it becomes less strong or extreme (calare).
- If a building, land, or water subsides, it goes down to a lower level.
to subside
Ex: “The police are hoping that the violence will soon subside.”
Ex: “There is a danger that many homes will subside because of the drought.”
to wait for or be waiting for something
to await
Ex: “The nation eagerly awaits Gray’s report.”
in a way that shows that you want to do or have something very much, especially something interesting or enjoyable
eagerly
Ex: “The nation eagerly awaits Gray’s report.”
to accept that a debt will not be paid or that money has been lost.
to write off
t. Ex: “Horror as Tory government writes off £8.7BILLION spent on PPE during Covid pandemic.”
to write a letter to an organization asking them to send you something.
to write off/away for sth
Ex: “Did you write off for a brochure?”
a period of time during which you fail to achieve anything.
write-off
Ex: “Yesterday was a complete write-off as far as work is concerned.”
- unwillingness to get involved in or influence other people’s activities.
- If a government is laissez-faire, it does not have many laws and rules that control the buying and selling of goods and services. (liberista)
laissez-faire (ˌleɪ.seɪˈfeər)
Ex: “Along with the Government’s laissez faire attitude to fraud…”
If something happens out of the blue, it is completely unexpected.
out of the blue
“I have a call out of blue”
to decide how to deal with a situation as it develops, rather than acting according to plans made earlier.
play it by ear
Ex: “We can’t make a decision yet. Let’s just play it by ear.”
to leave a place where you have lived or worked to go somewhere else.
to move out
Ex: “One hundred and fifty jobs were lost as a result of the company moving out of the area.”
- to return something to where it came from
- to start to do or use something that was done or used in the past
- to make someone think about something from the past.
to bring back
Ex: “Few politicians are in favour of bringing back the higher rates of tax.”
Ex: “The photos brought back some wonderful memories.”
to become thin and disappear after repeated use or rubbing, or to cause something to become thin and disappear in this way.
to wear away
Ex: “A bit of grass was worn away because of spring footbal practise.”
to reduce opposition gradually.
to wear down
Ex: “The strategy was designed to wear down the enemy’s resistance.”
- to make someone feel tired and less able to deal successfully with a situation
- to use to a point where it starts to deteriorate.
to wear something/someone down
Ex: “All the stress and extra travel is beginning to wear him down.”
Ex: “I bought this jacket a year ago, but I wear it every day so it completely worn down.
If a feeling or the effect of something wears off, it gradually disappears.
to wear off
Ex: “Most patients find that the numbness from the injection wears off after about an hour.”
to make someone extremely tired.
to wear sb out
Ex: “Walking around a museum all day really wears you out.”
a covered structure in front of the entrance to a building (portico).
porch (pɔːtʃ)
Ex: “A covered area in front of the entrance to a house.”
raise a child
bring up someone
Ex: “An aunt brought him up.”
to start to talk about a particular subject.
bring up something
Ex: “She’s always bringing up her health problems.”
- to produce something to sell to the public. (produce)
- to make a particular quality or detail noticeable. (make noticeable)
- launch a new product or publication.
- bring out something
Ex: “They keep bringing out smaller phones.”
Ex: “A crisis can bring out the best and the worst in people.”
Ex: “My favourite author is bringing out another book. I’m so excited.”
- to introduce something so that it can be seen or discussed.
- to change the date or time of an event so that it happens earlier than planned.
- bring sth forward
Ex: “At the meeting several excellent suggestions were brought forward by the more junior members of staff.”
Ex: “The elections were brought forward by three months.”
to take someone or something with you.
- bring sb/sth along
Ex: “Can I bring a friend along to the party?”
to reduce the level of something.
- bring sth down
Ex: “They’ve really brought down the price of DVD players.”
to be similar to an older member of your family in appearance or character.
take after someone
Ex:” He takes after his mother/his mother’s side of the family.”
to return something you have bought to a shop. (something bought)
take back
Ex: “Is it too small? Take it back and get a refund.”
- If an aircraft, bird, or insect takes off, it leaves the ground and begins to fly.
- to suddenly start to be successful or popular.
take off
Ex: “The plane took off at 8.30 a.m.”
Ex: “Her singing career had just begun to take off.”
to use a period of time for a purpose that is different from what a person usually does.
take off something
Ex: “I’ve decided to take next semester off and travel and write.”
to fight or compete against someone or something.
take on someone/something
Ex: “I’ll take you on in a game of chess.”
to become friendly with or spend time with someone.
take up with someone
Ex: “She’s recently taken up with a strange group of people.”
to become well again after a serious illness, especially when you might have died.
pull through (something) Ex: “Although Petra is really sick, the doctors think she will pull through.
to destroy something, especially a building.
pull down something
Ex: “Protestors pulled down the statue during the riots.”
to support or be loyal to someone or something.
stand by someone/something
Ex: “Jon’wife stood by him throughout the trial.”
to be waiting and ready to do something or to help.
stand by
Ex: “Cabin crew, please stand by for take-off.”
to spend time standing somewhere and doing very little.
stand around
Ex: “We stood around in the cold for about an hour, waiting for the demo to start.”
to move a short distance away from something or someone.
stand back
Ex: “Please stand back - then all of you will be able to see what I’m doing.”
to be very noticeble, be different from the crowd.
stand out
Ex: “Tamara’s blue hair really makes her stand out.”
to publicly oppose something or someone.
stand out against sth/sb
Ex: “More and more people are standing out against what is a very unpopular piece of legislation.”
to fail to meet someone you had arranged to see.
stand up someone
Ex: “Federico was supposed to have a blind date last night, but she stood him up.”
to defend or support someone or something
stand up for someone/something
Ex: “Don’t be bullied – stand up for yourself and your beliefs.”
to deal effectively with a person or situation.
stand up to someone/something
Ex: “She stood up to her boss when he accused her of arriving late and leaving work early.”
If an idea or some information stands up, it is proved to be true or correct. (stare in piedi)
stand up
Ex: “Their evidence will never stand up in court.
to find something or someone by accident.
come across something/someone
Ex: “He came across some old love letters.”
- to behave in a way that makes people believe that you have a particular characteristic.
- If an idea or emotion comes across in writing, film, music, or when someone is speaking, it is expressed clearly and people notice it.
come across
Ex: “She comes across really well (= creates a positive image) on television.”
Ex: “What comes across in his later poetry is a great sense of sadness.”
to change your opinion of something.
come around
Ex: ”He’ll come around to my point of view eventually.”
to happen, or start to happen
come about
Ex: “How did the problem come about in the first place?”
- have a good relationship.
2. to deal with a situation, usually successfully. (deal with)
get along/on
Ex: “Santiago gets along really well with his stepfather.” Ex: “I wonder how Michael is getting along in his new job?”
go to bed.
turn in
Ex: “I’m really tired. I think I’ll turn in.”
to give or return something or someone to an authority.
turn in something/someone
Ex: “Don’t forget to turn in your papers after class.”
- adjust a control to lower the level of something.
2. if the economy or market turns down, there is less business activity and fewer opportunities to make money.
turn down
Ex: “Your music is too loud! I’m going to turn it down. Ex: “When the market turns down, recruitment is one of the first areas companies look at to make savings.”
to refuse to accept or agree to something, or to refuse someone’s request.
turn down something
Ex: “The bank turned her down for a loan.”
change or develop into something new or different.
turn into something
Ex: “Rain in the morning will turn into snow during the afternoon.”
to hit and behave violently towards a person, especially a woman or child, repeatedly over a long period of time, or to hit something with force many times.
to batter (ˈbætə(r)) Ex: “Storm Franklin has been the third storm to batter the UK in the space of a week.”
to look at, examine, think of, or deal with a set of things, esp. quickly (examine).
run through something
Ex: “I mentally ran through what I had eaten since Thursday.”
to chase someone or something.
run after someone/something
Ex: “I ran after her, trying to get her attention.”
to lose energy, power, or strength (weaken).
run down someone/something
Ex: “My laptop is quite old, so the battery runs down quite quickly. I need to charge it frequently.”
to meet someone you know when you are not expecting to.
run into someone
Ex: “Graham ran into someone he used to know at school the other day.”
to have no profit or loss at the end of a business activity.
break even
Ex: “After paying for our travel costs, we barely (= only just) broke even.”
If a machine or vehicle breaks down, it stops working.
break down
Ex: “Our car broke down and we had to push it off the road.”
to divide something into smaller parts. (divide)
break down something
Ex: “It’s easier to handle the job if you break it down into several specific assignments.”
- to begin suddenly to do something. (begin to do)
- to force your way into something. (use force)
- to begin being successful in a particular type of work or activity. (be succesful)
break into something
Ex: “He broke into a run, and we couldn’t catch him.”
Ex: “He’s had his apartment broken into twice.”
Ex: “Rising from humble beginnings, he succeeded in Hollywood, broke into politics, and became President.”
If something dangerous or unpleasant breaks out, it suddenly starts. (è scoppiato/a).
break out
Ex: “Covid-19 pandemic broke out in 2020.”
to begin, or to begin using or doing something.
break out something
Ex: “A fight almost broke out.”
to wait for something to happen without making any effort to do anything yourself.
sit back
Ex: “You can’t just sit back and wait for job offers to come to you.”
to not be involved in something.
sit out something
Ex: “He sat out the football season because of a contract dispute.”
to take the place of someone who would normally do a particular job or go to a particular meeting.
sit in for someone
Ex: “Mr Baker is ill today, so Miss Dixon is sitting in for him (as your teacher).”
to go to a meeting or a class although you are not directly involved in it.
sit in on something Ex: “Do you mind if I sit in on your class this afternoon?”
to stay until something is completed.
sit through something
Ex: “It’s hard for little kids to sit through a whole baseball game.”
suddenly pay attention.
sit up
Ex: “Khaled sat up when he heard the teacher mention his name.”
to ask for information about someone, especially about their health.
ask after someone
Ex: “Tell your father I was asking after him.”
to ask a lot of different people in order to get information or help.
ask around
Ex: “Our babysitter’s just moved away, so we’re asking around for a replacement.”
to ask someone that you have seen already to come back for a second interview for a job/ invite to return to a place.
ask someone back
Ex: “I made a mess of the interview and I wasn’t asked back.”
to invite someone to come into a building or room, especially your home.
ask someone in
Ex: “I’d ask you in for a coffee but I have to get up early for work in the morning.”
die.
pass away
Ex: “Noah passed away in his sleep last night.”
- to give something to someone, after someone else gave it to you. (receive and give)
- If you pass on information, you tell it to someone else after you have heard it.
pass on something
Ex: “Some organizations passed on substantially less money to the candidates.”
Ex: “No one passed the news on to me.”
to offer something to each person in a group of people.
pass something around
Ex: “The managing editor passed the copy around to get feedback.”
to behave in a silly way.
play around
Ex: “Stop playing around and get on with your homework!”
to try out different methods or different things, before deciding which one to choose.
play around with something
Ex: “We’ve been playing around with ideas for a new TV show.”
to hear a sound recording or see a film that has been previously recorded.
play back something
Ex: “She taped the Olympic speed skating final so that she could play it back later.”
to do what someone asks you to do, for a limited period of time.
play along (with) Ex: “I know you don't like Jack's idea, but just play along with him for a while.”
to make something seem more important or better than it really is, esp. to get an advantage. (give importance)
play up something
Ex: “The report plays up the benefits of the plan, but doesn’t say much about the costs.”
to try to make someone like you and treat you well by behaving in a way you think will please them.
play up to someone
Ex: “Julia knows how to play up to the supervisors - she can always get time off work when she wants it.”
to use something in a way that is not serious or careful.
play with something
Ex: “You’re not really making a budget, you’re just playing with numbers.”
an act of separating from a group, especially because of disagreement. (scissionista)
breakaway
Ex: “Military vehicles were seen rolling into the breakaway regions of Donetsk.”
killing and violence (spargimento di sangue).
bloodshed
Ex: The Russian leader said Kyiv would be blamed for any “bloodshed”.”
(noun) bomba/ (verb) bombardare).
shell
Ex: “Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed by shelling from separatists in the east of the country.”
(verb) to be the person in charge of a meeting, etc. (presiedere).
chair
Ex: “Boris Johnson chaired a meeting of the Cobra committee this morning.”
always loyal in supporting a person, organization, or set of beliefs or opinions.
staunch (stɔːntʃ)
Ex: “Syria has been a staunch ally of Moscow since 2015.”
to reach an agreement or solution after a lot of argument or discussion.
hammer something out
Ex: “The 2015 agreement was hammered out in the Belarusian capital.”
to arrive in great numbers or amounts.
roll in
Ex: “Once our business gets started, the money will be rolling in.”
to reduce something in size, amount, or production (ridimensionare).
scale back/down (something)
Ex: “Plans to offer free tests to a wider range of people after April 1 were scaled back after a row about funding in the government.”
(adverb) by the smallest amount.
barely
Ex: “She was barely (= only just) 15 when she won her first championship.”
an advertisement.
advert (ˈæd.vɜːt)
Ex: “An advert for the local radio station.”
Ex: “job adverts.”
see/read/answer an advert
Ex: “You often see adverts for various unit trusts and funds in newspapers.”
an area on the edge of a large town or city where people who work in the town or city often live.
suburb Ex: “We drove from middle-class suburbs to a very poor inner-city area.”
to manage a problem that has many different parts step by step.
work through something
Ex: “It’s a complex situation but we’ll work through it.”
a small present given to guests at a party.
favor
Ex: “Party favors”
a sweet food used to cover or fill cakes, made from sugar and water or sugar and butter. (glass)
icing
Ex: “a choccolate icing.”
to plan, hope, or intend to achieve something.
aim at something
[+ ing. form] Ex: “The government’s campaign is aimed at influencing public opinion.”
Ex: “The talks are aiming at a compromise.”
to include someone or something in an activity.
involve
[+ ing form] Ex: “My duties involve synthesizing new anionic surfactants.”
physically violent and frightening.
fierce (fɪəs)
Ex: “Fierce fighting has begun.”
- (noun) (a building designed to give) protection from bad weather, danger, or attack.
- (verb) to protect yourself, or another person or thing, from bad weather, danger, or attack.
shelter.
Ex: “The trees gave/provided some shelter from the rain.”
Ex: “People shelter in basements to the sound of distant explosions.”
to develop or end in a particular way.
play out
Ex: “Ukraine is not part of Russia and the fantasy that Vladimir Putin is trying to play out in recreating some kind of czarist expansionist Russia absolutely has to be stopped.”
to make changes to a document, law, agreement etc, especially in order to improve it.
amend (əˈmend)
Ex: “I trust the data content is sufficent. If not, please let me know and I will be happy to amend.”
to try to destroy or damage something, especially an established political system.
subvert (səbˈvɜːt)
Ex: “The rebel army is attempting to subvert the government.”
to give up a job or position.
step down
Ex: “Putin faced being forced to step down in 2008.”
- to tell someone that you will kill or hurt them or cause problems if they do not do what you want (minacciare).
- If something bad threatens to happen, it is likely to happen.
threaten (ˈθret.ən)
Ex: “Vladimir Putin appears to threaten nuclear attack against West in chilling TV address.”
Ex: “Look at those clouds! There’s a storm threatening.”
to throw something somewhere gently or in a slightly careless way.
toss (tɒs)
Ex: “She smiled at me, tossing her coat onto the chair.”
to prepare yourself physically or mentally for something unpleasant.
brace (breɪs)
Ex: “The tragic news comes as a huge Russian convoy north of Kyiv disperses into nearby towns and forests as the capital braces for a renewed offensive.”
brace yourself
Ex: “She told me she had some bad news for me and I braced myself for a shock.”
a person or a newspaper that only expresses the opinions of one particular organization.
mouthpiece (ˈmaʊθ.piːs)
Ex: “For some, he is Vladamir Putin’s mouthpiece of doom following his recent remarks that World War III would be “nuclear and destructive” in a threat to NATO and the West.”
very obvious and intentional, when this is a bad thing.
blatant (ˈbleɪ.tənt)
Ex: “This bloody crime of (Russian president) Putin’s regime is a blatant violation of the international humanitarian law.”
1) a stuffy room or building is unpleasant because it has no fresh air.
2) old-fashioned, formal, and boring.
Stuffy (ˈstʌf.i)
Ex: “It’s really hot and stuffy in here - let’s open the window.”
Ex: “Sir William had the ability to conduct proceedings in a dignified manner without ever becoming stuffy.”
trying to appear or sound more important or clever than you are, especially in matters of art and literature.
pretentious (prɪˈten.ʃəs)
Ex: “The novel deals with grand themes, but is never heavy or pretentious.”
to deal successfully with a problem, a situation, or a person who is having difficulties.
sort sth/sb out
Ex: “We’ve sorted out the computer system’s initial problems.”
Ex: “It’ll be difficult to sort out how much each person owes.”
