-ing verb form - all uses/rules

Question 1

when we use?

Answer 1

All progressive tenses - present continous, past progressive(they were walking) and future progressive(They will be arriving soon).

Gerund - ver used as a noun
p.e - I hate washing - what do I hate?

As an adjective
p.e - I have a long working day.

Question 2

General rule –> comment

Answer 2

Most verbs –> verb + ing.

Verbs ending in silent “E” –> remove “E” and add -ing form.
p.e - leave –> leaving.

Verbs ending in “ie” –> change “ie” to “y” and -ing.
p.e DIE –> DYING / TIE –> TYING.

Verbs ending in “ee” –> just add -ing form.
p.e SEE –> SEEING

Question 3

Complex rule –> comment

Answer 3

Verbs ending in single vowel and a single consonant(except -w -x -y).
1 - For 1 syllable verbs –> double the consonant and add -ing form.

2- For 2 syllable vers –> a) if the second syllable is stressed - double the consonant and add -ing form.

f. e - admit –> admmtting / commit –> committing
b) if the second syllable is not STRESSED –> just add -ing form
f. e - target –> targeting / visit –> visiting.

3- verbs ending in ‘L’ –> double the ‘L’ and add -ing form.

• for British english only.
  f. e - Cancel –> cancelling / Travel –> Travelling.

4- Verbs ending in ‘C’ –> add -king to infinitive form.
f.e - panic –> Panicking / mimic –> mimicking