Information Technology Flashcards
Operators
Programmers
Librarians
Information Technology
Designs or purchases IT system
Responsible for flowcharts
Liaison between Users and Programmers
Note: Think IT Manager
Information Technology
A Systems Administrator controls database access.
Information Technology
Writes- Updates- Maintains- & Tests software- systems- and compilers
Information Technology
In order to maximize internal control- a Systems Programmer should NOT have application programming duties/abilities or be an Operator on the system.
Information Technology
Schedules and Monitors Jobs
Runs IT Help Desk
Information Technology
For internal control purposes- they should not be a Programmer on the system.
Information Technology
Include Computer Logs.
Control Group should review the logs.
Information Technology
To assist with decision making.
Information Technology
A type of Management Information System (MIS) that processes accounting transactions.
Information Technology
Specialized for Company Executive needs
Assists with Strategy Only
No Decision-Making Capabilities
Information Technology
Computer uses reasoning
Structured
No human interpretation needed
Information Technology
Computer provides data
Gives Interactive Support
Human interpretation needed
Information Technology
User initiates the report.
The report is created upon demand.
Information Technology
Exception reports are produced when Edit Tests- Check Digits- or Self-Checking Digits identify a problem
Information Technology
A type of Ad Hoc report- initiated by a user.
Information Technology
The User develops and executes their own application.
Information Technology
E-commerce makes business transactions easier.
Information Technology
Compromised data or theft.
Less paper trail for auditors.
Information Technology
Uses globally-accepted standards
Efficient
Information Technology
A file server stores shared programs and documents.
Information Technology
Located on a File Server- a Database allows users to share documents.
Information Technology
It connects computers in close proximity.
Information Technology
It connects computers that are far apart.
Information Technology
Privately-owned Network
Serves as 3rd Party Between 2 Companies
Routes EDI Transactions
Accepts wide range of Protocols
Very Costly
Information Technology
Prevents unauthorized access to a network.
Information Technology
Takes over a computer
Needs a host program to run
Information Technology
Takes over multiple computers
Doesn’t need a host program to run
Information Technology
They prevent and detect hardware errors.
Information Technology
Random Access Memory.
Internal memory in the computer used during immediate processing.
Information Technology
Computer Processing Unit
It processes commands within a computer.
Information Technology
It schedules and allocates system resources.
Information Technology
Keyboard
Mouse
Scanner
Magnetic Ink Reader
Magnetic Tape Reader
EDI
Point of Sale Scanner
Information Technology
Speakers
Monitors
Printers
Information Technology
Sequential Access - Sorts data in order
Slower data retrieval
Header Label prevents Operator error by loading wrong tape
External Labels prevent accidental destruction by operator
Information Technology
Random Access - Finds data in random spots
Faster data retrieval
Uses Boundary Protection for data
Information Technology
Connects one network to another
Note: the Internet is connected by Gateways
Information Technology
A control that detects internal data errors.
A bit is added to each character- it checks to see if a bit was lost.
Information Technology
Transmitted data is returned to the sender for verification (it echoes back to the sender)
Information Technology
It authorizes program changes and approves program test results.
Information Technology
Software that controls access to IT systems.
Note: Don’t confuse this with anti-virus software
Information Technology
It confirms a message has not been altered.
Information Technology
PDA/Smartphone/Tablet
Microcomputer - PC- Laptop (cost-effective)
Minicomputer - Like a Mainframe- but smaller
Mainframe - Large computer with terminals attached
Supercomputer - Very powerful and very big
Information Technology
Bit - 1 (on) and 0 (off)
Byte - 8 bits to a byte/character
Field - group of related characters/bytes (i.e. Name- Zip Code- Serial #)
Record - Group of related fields (i.e. Member name- address- phone number)
File - Group of related records (i.e. Membership directory)
Information Technology
Determine language used for a specific computer- on a computer-to-computer basis
Information Technology
Programs written in base computer language- not similar to English.
Information Technology
They are written in a language close to English.
Information Technology
Takes Source language (English) and converts to Object (Computer) Language
Information Technology
It uses a Data Warehouse to support management decision making.
Information Technology
Using artificial intelligence and pattern recognition to analyze data stores within a Data Warehouse.
Information Technology
To process a company’s routine transactions.
Information Technology
Data held- updates multiple files all at once
Leaves a better audit trail
Uses Grandfather-Father-Son backup (3 levels of backup kept in 3 locations)
Information Technology
Checks to see if output data is valid- distributed and used in an authorized manner.
Information Technology
Checks if data processing produced proper output
Information Technology
An input control number- a meaningless sum of values included in the input.
Example would be summing a list of SSNs to make sure the data is the same once entered as it was prior to input into the system.
Information Technology
Checks to see if data in existing tables or files belongs in the set
For example- is there a # in an alpha-only field or a letter in a numeric-only field
Information Technology
Checks to see if numbers surpass a certain limit- i.e. in an age field is the number greater than 110.
Information Technology
An input control that adds an identification number to a set of
digits - usually at the end
Information Technology
An input check that prevents invalid characters- i.e. checks for alphabetic letters in a SSN field
Information Technology
A disaster recovery system where if the main system goes down- a Hot Site is ready to take over immediately.
Information Technology
If a main system goes down- a Cold Site will take time to get set up and running.
Information Technology
SQL - Standard Query Language
Information Technology
Defines SQL Database
Controls SQL Tables
Information Technology
Queries SQL Database tables
Information Technology
Controls Access to SQL Database
Information Technology
Logical structure
Uses rows and columns similar to spreadsheet
Information Technology
Has various levels
Uses trees to store data
Information Technology
Data is more accessible
Reduced redundancy
Information Technology
Cost of installation
Skilled personnel required to maintain
Information Technology
Desktop client
Application Server
Database Server
Think: Your desktop computer runs applications and saves to a database
Information Technology
