Information Systems and Databases Flashcards
4 concepts of information
- Data
- Information
- Process
- Knowlede
Raw facts
Data
Organized collection of facts
Information
Set of logically related tasks
Process
Awareness or understanding of information
Knowledge
It is data that has been processed and organized
Information
Interrelated components working together to collect, store, process, and disseminate information to help an organization
Information Systems
Two different ways to describe information systems
- Components of an information system
- The role of those components
5 components of information systems
- Hardware
- Software
- Data
- People
- Process
physical components of technology
Hardware
set of instructions that order hardware
Software
A collection of facts. such as name, address, etc.
Data
people involved with information systems
people
a series of steps undertaken to achieve a desired outcome or goal
Process
What is the main role of information systems?
to take data and turn it into information
Types of Information Systems (6)
- TPS - Transactional Processing System
- MRS - Management Reporting System
- DSS - Decision Support System
- EIS - Executive Information Systems
- OIS - Office Information Systems
- PSS - Professional Support System
Processes data transaction in database system
Transactional Processing System (TPS)
Takes data from TPS. Produces business info reports
Management Reporting System
Supports a decision making session. Facilitates the communication between the user who is considering alternative problem solutions
Decision Support System
Supports top managers with conveniently displayed summarized info customized for them
Executive Information Systems
Facilitates the communication between employees and anyone in the organization
Office Information Systems
Helps in tasks specific to various professions
Professional Support System
Data organization methods
- Manual Organizing Method
- Computer Based Organizing Method
used for organizing and processing info manually
Manual Organizing Method
collection of application programs to perform services to end users
Computer-Based Organizing Method
2 types of Organizing Method
- File-based System
- Database system
Early attempt at computerizing filing systems. Decentralized approach
File-based system
Shared collection of logically related data. Self describing integrated records
Database System
History of Database Systems
1st Gen
- 1960 - Hierarchical Structure
- 1965 - Network DBMS
2nd Gen
- 1970-1980 - Relational Database
3rd Gen
- Extended relational
- SQL Language
- DB2, Oracle
- Object-oriented DBMS
Separates the structure of the data from the application program and stores it in the database
Data abstraction
Immunity of the user applicants to changes made in the definition and organization of data
Data Independence
It is a software that allows users to have control access to the database
DBMS Database Management System
Collection of app programs that interact with the database
Database System
Roles of the Database environment
- Data Administrator
- Database Administrator
- Database Designers
- Applications programmers
- End Users
