Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

pe skill acquisition > Information Processing > Flashcards

Information Processing Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 stages of the basic model of information processing

A

Input, Decision making, Output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Explain the Input stage

A

Information is gathered from the environment (stimulus identification) is collected by the sensory system through using the perceptual mechanism. Irrelevant information is filtered via selective attention to increase the speed of the decision making process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Explain the Decision making stage

A

The gathered information is used to form a motor programme (response identification). The relevant information is assessed and a decision is made based on past experiences using the translatory mechanism which is stored in memory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain the Output stage

A

Motor programme is completed (response programming) via the effector mechanism and muscular system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Selective attention

A

a process that filters irrelevant information gathered by the sensory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the perceptual mechanism

A

the interpretation and analysis of information gathered from the environment by the sensory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the translatory mechanism

A

uses the information gathered from the environment and makes the appropriate decision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the effector mechanism

A

transfer the decision made to the muscular system via motor nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a motor programme

A

organises a series of subroutines into the correct sequence to perform a movement. It adapts to changes in the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the 3 forms of receptors in the sensory system

A

Exteroceptors, Proprioceptors, Interoceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do Exteroceptors do

A

Gather information from outside the body - Extrinsic

e.g. Sight, Sound, Touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do Proprioceptors do

A

Gather information from inside the body via nerve receptors in the muscles and joints - Intrinsic
e.g. feeling of the movement or kinaesthetic awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do Interoceptors do

A

Gather information from the internal organs, which is passed to the central nervous system, to control functions such as blood flow, blood pressure and body temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does DCR stand for

A

Detect, Compare, Recognise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the main stages of Whiting’s model

A 
Input
Sense organs
Perceptual mechanism
Translatory mechanism
Effector mechanism
Muscular system
Output
Feedback
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three components of memory

A

Short term sensory store
Short term memory
Long term memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the STSS do

A

Collects all information gathered by the sensory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the order of perceptual and decision-making process

A

STSS - selective attention - STM - LTM

19
Q

How do you as a performer improve selective attention

A 
Choice of:
Using appropriate practice and presentation methods
Highlighting specific cues
Altering the intensity of the stimulus
Referring to past experiences
Making the stimulus meaningful or unique
Reaching the correct level of arousal
20
Q

What is short term memory also referred as

A

Working memory

21
Q

What does short term memory do

A

Receives the filtered information and compares it to stored information from past experiences before the final decision is made

22
Q

What does the STSS have
How long does it retain information for
What happens to the information gathered in the STSS

A

Huge capacity
Retains information for 1 second
Information is filtered via selective attention

23
Q

What does the STM have
How long can it retain information for
What causes the information to be moved from the STM to the LTM

A

Limited capacity
Information is retained for 30 seconds
If the information is practiced and learned

24
Q

Name the 3 ways a performer can improve short term memory

A

Chunking
Chaining
Using selective attention

25
Q

What is encoding

A

Different types of practice to remember information

E.g mental rehearsal, visualisation, repetition

26
Q

Where is encoding located

A

Between selective attention and STM, and between STM and LTM

27
Q

What is chunking

A

Information is arranged into larger units allowing more pieces of information to be stored

28
Q

What is chaining

A

Linking together pieces of information

29
Q

What does long term memory do

A

When faced with a new situation relevant stimuli is moved from STM to LTM, where a comparison is made with any similar experiences. A motor program is then formed

30
Q

What does the LTM have
How long does it retain information for
What happens to the information moved from the STM to LTM
If the situation is new what is formed

A

Huge capacity
Unlimited time period (permanent retention)
Compared with similar experiences and any recognition and the similar experiences will be noted
Motor programme

31
Q

How do you as a performer improve long term memory

A

Improving the capability of the short term memory
Practising and repeating movements
Developing a range of past experiences
Using mental rehearsal
Making the information meaningful, relevant and interesting

32
Q

What is response time

A

The time from the onset of the stimulus to the completion of the movement

33
Q

Response time =

A

Reaction time + movement time

34
Q

What is reaction time

A

The time between the onset of a stimulus and the initiation of the response

35
Q

What is movement time

A

The time between the start of the movement and its completion

36
Q

Name 3 factors that effect the speed of a performers reaction time

A 
Choice of:
Age
Gender
Fatigue
Intensity of stimulus
Probability of stimulus occurring
Presence of a warning signal
Personality
Sense used to detect stimulus
Pervious experience
Arousal level
Stimulus response compatibility?
Body temp
Limbs used
37
Q

Name the two types of reaction time

What is the difference between the two

A

Simple and choice
Simple reaction time involves one stimulus and one possible response
Choice reaction time involves numerous stimulus each with a different response

38
Q

What is hicks law

A

Suggests that reaction time will increase in a linear fashion as the amount of information to be processed increases

39
Q

What does psychological refractory period diagram consist of

A 
Stimulus one
Reaction one
PRP
Stimulus two
Reaction two
40
Q

What is the psychological refractory period

A

The delay period from the first reaction being cleared and recognising stimulus two

41
Q

What is the single channel hypothesis suggest

A

That he brain can only deal with one piece of information at a time. When it receives several pieces in rapid succession a BOTTLENECK is formed

42
Q

What is the main way of improving response time

A

Anticipation

43
Q

Name the two types of anticipation

What is the difference between the two

A

Spatial and temporal
Spatial involves the performer predicting what will happen
Temporal involves the performer predicting when the action will happen

44
Q

Name 3 other ways of improving response time

A 
Choice of:
Relevant practice responding to specific cues or stimulus
Mental rehearsal
Concentration on early warning signals
Improvement of selective attention
Control arousal levels
Improve ton of physical fitness
Altering the intensity of the stimulus
Identification of specific actions/cues used by opponents

pe skill acquisition (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions