Information Concepts Flashcards
Can be defined as meaningfully interpreted data
Information
Fuels business and can be the critical factor in determining the success or failure of a business
Information
Collection of objects, procedures, or techniques that interact in a regulated manner to form an organized whole
System
Systems may be composed of smaller assemblages of parts
Subsystem
a system that gathers data and disseminates information with the sole purpose of providing information to its users
Information System
Capabilities of Information System
- input
- processing
- output
- feedback
Manual Information System Consists of
- People
- Procedure
- Data
Computer-Based Information System Elements
- Hardware
- Software
- Data
- People
- Process
The raw material of information.
Data
Data organized and presented by someone.
Information
Information read, heard, or seen, and understood.
Knowledge
Distilled and integrated knowledge and understanding.
Wisdom
development, installation and implementation of computer systems
Information Technology
Aims to explain past events using business data
Business Intelligence
A questionnaires is prepared to collect the data from the field
Surveys
Data is collected through old records, magazines, company website etc.
Secondary data sources/ archival data
An experimental test is conducted on the subject and the data is collected.
Objective measures or tests
Data is collected by the system analyst by following a rigid procedure and collecting the answers to a set of pre-conceived questions through personal interviews.
Interviews
interview questions allow interviewees to respond how they wish, and to what length they wish
open-ended questions
interview questions limit the number of possible responses
closed ended questions
questions are those that may be answered with a ‘yes’ or ‘no’ or ‘agree’ or disagree’
Bipolar questions
questions elicit more detail about previous questions
Probes / Probing questions
starting with closed questions and working toward open-ended questions
Pyramid
starting with open-ended questions and working toward closed questions
Funnel
starting with closed, moving toward open-ended, and ending with closed questions
Diamond
useful in gathering information from key organization members
Questionnaires
used when the intervals are equal
Interval Scales
are used to classify things
Data may be totaled
Nominal Scales
Caused by easy raters
Leniency
occurs when respondents rate everything as average
Central tendency
When the impression formed in one question carries into the next question
Halo Effect
is concerned with long term policy decisions that defines the objectives of a business and checks how well these objectives are met
Strategic Information
is concerned with the information needed for exercising control over business resources, like budgeting, quality control, service level, inventory level, productivity level etc.
Tactical Information
concerned with plant/business level information and is used to ensure proper conduction of specific operational tasks as planned/intended
Operational Information
