***Information and Intelligence*** Flashcards by Rhys Marston

What is police information?

All the information collected and recorded for a policing purpose

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What does CHIS stand for?

Covert Human Intelligence Source

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Where can the police get information from?

Social networking sites
PNC
PND
Specialist departments
Directly/indirectly obtained information

Partner agencies
H2H

Force policy
CPS guidelines

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What methods can be used to trace witnesses?

At/near the scene
Returning to the scene
Road checks
Crimestoppers
Crimewatch UK
Witness boards
Social media campaigns

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What tools can officers use to trace suspects from witness information?

PNC
Method index
Local intelligence units
Observations
Circulations

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What is intelligence?

Collected information that has been developed for action & may also be classified as confidential or sensitive

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How many levels does the NIM have?

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What is Level 1 of the NIM

Local Intelligence Units

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What is level 2 of the NIM?

Force Intelligence Bureaus

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What is level 3 of the NIM?

National Crime Agency

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What 5 things make up ‘for a policing purpose’ when it comes to gathering and retaining information?

1) PROTECTING life and property
2) PRESERVING order
3) PREVENTING the commission of crime
4) Bringing offenders to justice
5) Any duty or responsibility arising from common or
stature law

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What does LIO stand for?

Local Intelligence Officer

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What does SPOC stand for?

Single Point of Contact

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What does FIO stand for?

Field Intelligence Officer

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What are the 5 stages to the intelligence cycle?

Direction
Collection
Evaluation
Analysis
Dissemination

“We direct people to collect information and then we evaluate it. We then analyse it before we disseminate it”

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What is the CPIA 1996?

The Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996

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What is the DPA 2018?

Data Protection Act 2018

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What is the GDPR?

General Data Protection Regulation

What is the HRA 1998?

Human Rights Act 1998

What is the FoIA 2000?

Freedom of Information Act 2000

What is RIPA 2000

Regulatory of Investigatory Powers Act 2000

What is IPA 2016?

Investigatory Powers Act 2016

What intelligence would be classed as HIGH when submitting it to NICHE?

THREAT TO LIFE, SERIOUS HARM, IMMINENT RISK or OPPORTUNITY to a child, adult or property

What intelligence would be classed as MEDIUM when submitting it to NICHE?

Time critical

What intelligence would be classed as LOW when submitting it to NICHE?

All other intelligence other than medium and high

What system is used to evaluate raw information?

3x5x2 system

What is the first part of the 3x5x2 system?

1. Reliable 2. Untested 3. Unreliable

What is the second part of the 3x5x2 system?

A. Known directly to the source B. Known indirectly to the source but corroborated C. Known indirectly to the source D. Not known by the source E. Suspected to be false

What is the last part of the 3x5x2 system?

P. Lawful sharing permitted C. Lawful sharing permitted with conditions

When information is assessed (usually by the FIO or LIO) and its source removed, what is this process called?

Sanitisation

Provenance refers to the ability to determine the reliability and credibility of the information source and the value of the content of the information. Why is it important to determine this?

Provenance allows the source of intelligence to be protected in order to avoid any unnecessary risks to them

What are the three government security classifications?

1. Official 2. Secret 3. Top secret

What two things are important when it comes to the physical storage of information?

1. The medium which the info is stored must be DURABLE 2. The information must be ACCESSIBLE

What are the four groups of information?

1. Certain public protection matters 2. Other sexual, violent or serious offences 3. All other offences 4. Miscellaneous

What is the APP?

Authorised Professional Practise

What are some sources of information?

Open/closed sources PNC PND Other forces CHIS Social Media Community Intelligence

What are 3 useful features of the PND?

1. Allows police forces to gather data from other police forces 2. Updated in 'near real time' 3. Information from the 3x5x2 system can be entered onto it

What are the benefits of the PND?

1. Identify new lines of enquiry 2. Identify new patterns in crime 3. Remove current artificial borders 4. Makes better risk assessment 5. Uncover bad character evidence

What 4 areas can you search for on PND?

P = People O = Objects L = Location E = Events

What are some advantages to information sharing?

1. Increased openness with partner agencies 2. Allows police + partner agencies to make more reformed decisions 3. Formalised processes increase confidence of individual officers & staff to lawfully share information

Before information can be shared, there must be at least one of the following three powers in play:

Statutory Power Statutory Obligation Common Law

What does the term ISA stand for?

Information Sharing Agreement

What is the purpose of an ISA?

To formalise arrangements between organisations which need to share information on a regular basis

Under what situations can you share information?

Emergency Situations Routine Ad-hoc