information Flashcards
List 3 things an animal uses its teeth for.
- Eating
- Protecting themselves
- Carrying young
What are teeth made of?
Tissue. Not bone.
What are the 3 anatomical areas of a tooth?
Crown
Neck
Root
What are 4 types of dental tissue? Describe them:
Enamel - covers the crown
Dentin - below enamel
Cementum - helps hold the tooth in place
Pulp - Soft center full of nerves and blood vessels
What is a periodontal ligament?
Tissue around your tooth that holds in place
What are the 4 types of teeth? Where are they and what is their function?
Incisors
Canines
Premolars
Molars
What is gingivitis?
inflammation of the gums
What is plaque and how is it related to tartar?
build up of food/bacteria on teeth, tartar is the buildup of plaque (crusty)
What is periodontal disease?
disease around the tooth, example: gingivitis
What is the difference between communicable and non-communicable diseases?
Communicable - passed from one peron/animal to another, contagious
Noncommunicable - can’t be passed from one person to another, not contagious
What are some examples of communicable and non-communicable diseases?
Communicable - rabies, parvo, bordatella
Noncommunicable - cancer, diabetes
What are the 4 zoonotic agents that can cause infectious diseases (zoonoses)?
Virus
Bacteria
Fungus
Parasite
What are the two ways that infectious disease can be spread?
Direct - coughing in someone’s face, exchange of bodily fluids, sneezing, licking, kissing
Indirect - from surfaces, vehicles
4 indirect contact
Airborn - in the air, direct - someone sneezes in your face, indirect - someone sneezes in a room with poor ventilation and you walk in.
Vectors - a living organism that carries a disease agent- dogs, mosquitos, flies, fleas, teenagers
Vehicles - nonliving transmission of disease - water, blood, food, soil, fomites
Fomites - an inanimate objects like a doorknob, a food bowl
Name 3 possible causes of noninfectious diseases:
Environment
Age
Gender
What does your lymphatic system do?
regulates and balances your immune system, fights dieases/infections
What is lymph?
fluid in the lymphatic system that has white blood cells (lymphocytes)
What are lymphocytes?
White blood cell found in the lymphatic system
What does an antibody have to do with an antigen?
Antigen = pathogen, antibody - a type of protein created to fight antigen, body learns to recognize the antigen and create antibodies
What is the difference between a modified live (attenuated) and killed vaccine (inactivated)? What are some pros and cons of each?
Modified live/attenuated - virus is still alive but weaken - possibly dangerous because if you are immunocompromised, you could still get really sick
Killed/inactived - dead, not affective, have to get boosters
The smaller the gauge number the ___ the needle
Larger
List at least three things required to be on a prescription label.
- adress
- amount prescribed
- number of refills
What are 5 aseptic things a Vet. Tech. can do in order to prepare for a surgery?
- sterilize instruments
- shave any fur close to the incision sight
- use surgical scrub to clean the patient
- thoroughly scrub your hands
- wear protective equipment (gloves, gown, etc)
What is a nosocomial disease? How are they spread?
Disease you get while you are in a hospital
Be able to explain the 3 steps to sanitation:
cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization
Identify types of sterilization
cold sterilization, dry heat, radiation, ultrasonic, and autoclave
What are some ways to secure an animal during surgery/hospital procedures?
Tie downs
Sandbags
Cradles
Ablation
the removal or destruction of something from an object by vaporization
Onychectomy
declawing
Celiotomy
surgical incision into the abdomen
