INFORMATICS T1-T3 Flashcards
The study of computers and computational systems. It deals mostly with software and software systems
Computer Science
Use of any computers, storage, networking and other physical devices, infrastructure and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange all forms of electronic data.
Information Technology
Analyzes the gathering, organizing, storing, retrieving, analyzing, and sharing of information.
Information Science
It addresses challenges related to the effective and efficient use of information resources and covers both the theoretical and practical elements of information management.
Information Science
the use of computer technology to comprehend and utilize biological and biomedical data more effectively.
Bioinformatics
responsible for storing, analyzing, and interpreting the Big Data produced by life science investigations or gathered in a clinical setting.
Bioinformatics
The statistical analysis of healthcare information to identify trends and improve healthcare problems and decision-making. It helps researchers and healthcare professionals discover patterns, make predictions, and find better ways to diagnose and treat diseases.
Biomedical informatics
The collection and evaluation of medical knowledge and patient data to facilitate and improve patient care. It helps doctors and nurses access important information.
Medical Informatics
Integrates biological and medical principles. It includes the use of science to conduct research, make diagnoses, treat patients, and prevent disease.
Biomedicine
It aids in the creation of new drugs and therapeutic techniques that enhance patient outcomes and quality of life.
Biomedicine
Area of healthcare that oversees the technology systems healthcare providers use to manage patient data.
Health Information Technology
The act of retrieving an image from an external source for future image processing
Image Data Acquisition
How is an Image acquired in Radiography?
Radiography, Fluoroscopy, & Computed Tomography (CT)
It refers to how different the structures in the image are in terms of density or radiodensity.
Contrast
What are the factors that affect radiographic image quality?
Contrast, Dynamic Range, Spatial Resolution, Noise, Signal to noise ratio (SNR), & Artifacts
Range of different X-ray intensities that the detector is capable of imaging.
Dynamic Range
capacity to tell nearby structures apart from one another. To
Spatial resolution
The variations in an image that are random or structured but do not match the variations in an object’s X-ray attenuation.
Noise
the most accurate noise metric for determining the noise’s spatial frequency content.
noise power spectrum
includes the impacts of contrast, resolution, and noise
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)
Various ____, such as motion ____, equipment malfunctions, processing errors, or foreign objects, can negatively affect image quality.
Artifacts
What are the different Imaging Modalities?
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scan, positron emission tomography (PET) scan, Diagnostic ultrasound, Mammography, single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) scan, Fluoroscopy, and X-ray
a medical imaging procedure that creates detailed images of the body’s organs and tissues by using a magnetic field and computer-generated radio waves.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
combines a sequence of X-ray images collected from various angles around the body and uses computer processing to create cross-sectional images of the bones, blood arteries, and soft tissues inside the body. contain more information than standard X-rays.
computed tomography (CT) scan
a type of imaging examination that can reveal the metabolic or biochemical function of tissues and organs. employs a radioactive chemical known as a tracer to detect both normal and abnormal metabolic activity.
positron emission tomography (PET) scan
often known as sonography or diagnostic medical sonography, is a type of imaging that employs sound waves to create images of structures within the body.
Diagnostic ultrasound
x-ray imaging technique used to check the breast in order to detect cancer and other breast disorders early.
Mammography
a type of nuclear imaging scan that combines computed tomography (CT) and a radioactive tracer. Doctors can examine how blood travels to tissues and organs due to the tracer. It may be utilized to aid in the diagnosis of seizures, strokes, and infections.
single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) scan
a medical imaging process that uses numerous pulses (short bursts) of an X-ray beam to display the internal organs and tissues on a computer screen in real time. Similar to a video
Fluoroscopy
a rapid, painless diagnostic examination that generates images of the structures inside the human body, specifically the bones. Penetrates through the body and are absorbed in varying degrees depending on the density of the substance.
X-ray
designed to convert the raw digital image to an optimal or usable radiographic image. It involves the use of several computational methods and algorithms to modify and improve digital images obtained from radiographic imaging modalities
digital image processing
What are the 3 types of digital image processing?
Computed radiography (CR), Direct digital radiography (DDR), & Indirect digital radiography (IDR)
Workflow in Radiology
- Patient Referral
- Scheduling
- Patient Check-in
- Preparation
- Imaging Procedure
- Image Acquisition
- Image Interpretation
- Report Generation
- Communication & Consultation
- Follow-up and Documentation
A primary care doctor or other healthcare professional will often refer a patient to start the procedure.
Patient Referral
The Radiology Division ___ the patient for the relevant imaging procedure as soon as it receives the referral.
Scheduling
The patient must go through the ____ process when they arrive at the radiology department.
Patient Check-in
A patient may need to fast or take a contrast medication before undergoing certain imaging procedures.
Preparation
Technologists or radiologists carry out the imaging while assuring the patient’s safety and comfort.
Imaging Procedure
Using the necessary tools, the technologist ____ the images during the imaging procedure.
Image Acquisition
Radiologists, who are specialized physicians trained in medical imaging, analyze and ____ the acquired images.
Image Interpretation
Radiologists generate detailed ____ summarizing their findings, diagnoses, and recommendations.
Report Generation
The referring doctor or specialist may occasionally ask to speak with the radiologist to go through complicated cases or get more advice.
Communication and Consultation
The Radiology Division makes sure that the patient’s medical record is properly updated with the imaging results and related reports.
Follow-up and Documentation
a technology for medical imaging that is largely utilized in healthcare organizations to safely store and digitally transfer electronic images and reports that are pertinent to clinical care.
PACS (picture archiving and communication system)
four main components of PACS:
Imaging Modalities, Secure network and databases, workstations, & storage archives
different components of the PACS Architecture?
hardware imaging machines, a secure network, workstation (mobile devices), & electronic archives
a standard protocol for the management and transmission of medical images and related data and is used in many healthcare facilities.
The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)
refers to the ability of different systems to communicate and exchange data with each other.
Interoperability
a set of guidelines or rules that govern the way different systems and technologies should be integrated.
IT integration standards
a set of international standards used to transfer and share data between various healthcare providers.
Health Level 7 (HL7)
