Info From Book Chapters: 7,10,12,13 Flashcards
Ch7
Key pt findings associated with increased risk for fracture?
-female
-Age older than 65
-prolonged use of corticosteroids
Ch7
Post menopausal osteoporosis is associated with yearly reductions of bone density up to _ % cortical bone and _ % cancellous bone?
2% cortical bone and 9% cancellous bone; estrogen deficiency is a major factor in the bony change
Ch7
What is the most common form of bony malignancy and where does it occur?
Metastatic bone tumors, and it occurs in the axial skeleton
Ch7
For patients with spinal malignancies, what is the average length of time from the onset of pain to diagnosis of cancer?
Nine months and night pain may or may not be present
Ch7
What are the most common locations for stress reaction, injuries, and stress fractures?
-tibia
-Metatarsal
-tarsals
-fibula
-femur
Ch7
What is the overall goal of auscultation with bony percussion?
to create energy that is transmitted through the bone, which then reaches the stethoscope producing sound; decreased sound or energy conduction occurs across fracture sites
Ch7
For auscultation with bony percussion what type of sound is normal? What type of sound is abnormal?
-normal: distinct clear and loud sound
-abnormal: quiet, soft and dull
Ch7
What is the Glasgow coma scale?
A tool used to categorize the severity of a traumatic brain injury
Mild is 13 to 15, moderate is 9 to 12, severe is less than or equal to 8
Ch7
What are red flags regarding a concussion?
-double vision
-Severe or worsening headache
-seizure
-loss of consciousness
-vomiting
Ch7
Common recommendations for post concussion management?
Complete cognitive and physical rest, prolonged rest can be detrimental so rest should be limited to 24 to 48 hours after injury
Ch 10 book info
Located in week 6 folder
Ch12/13 book info
Upper quarter & lower quarter screening
*basically MSK 2/3 class
*discusses the examination process: subjective history, observation, Palpation, appropriate pt setup, area of pain on pt, functional movements to see how pain reacts, screening above/below area of concern (Rimt & AROM), examine area of concern (Passive rom and MMT), neuro screening, special tests
Common manifestations for vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency
- dizziness
-Dysarthria
-Dysphasia
-Nausea
-visual disturbances
-extremity sensory change
Name the grading criteria for pulse assessment
-0: absent
-1: weak
-2: normal
-3: increased
-4: bounding
Name the DTRs and their distribution
-bicep C5/C6
-brachioradialis C5/C6
-triceps C6/C7
-patellar L2/3/4
-Achilles S1/2
Name where you would hear each sound upon auscultation:
Flatness
Dullness
Resonance
Tympany
-Flatness: Solid, dense tissues such as anterior thigh
- Dullness: liver, heart, diaphragm, spleen
-Resonance: lung
-Tympany: gastric (stomach) bubble, bowel
What is a normal vs abnormal sound within the bowels upon auscultation?
-normal: high pitched clicks, gurgling; every 5-10 seconds or 5-34x/minute
-abnormal: bruits; suggests turbulent flow indicating arterial disorders
Name the locations of arterial pulses within the LEs
-femoral: femoral triangle
-popliteal: posterior to knee with knee relaxed and flexed
-posterior tibial: posterior to medial malleolus
-dorsalis pedis: dorsum of foot over 1st/2nd metatarsal
