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Pharmacology > Influenza Antiviral Agents > Flashcards

Influenza Antiviral Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Neuraminidase Inhibitors

A

“Mivirs”

1) Oseltamivir
2) Peramivir
3) Zanamivir

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2
Q

Oseltamivir (A)DME

A

Oral prodrug

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3
Q

Oseltamivir A(D)ME

A

Low Plasma Protein Binding

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4
Q

Oseltamivir AD(M)E

A

Esterase hydrolysis to active carboxylate

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5
Q

Oseltamivir ADM(E)

A

Renal, tubular secretion of parent & active metabolite

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6
Q

Oseltamivir Half life

A

6-10 hrs (active metabolites)

Dose adjustment for renal issues

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7
Q

Zanamivir (A)DME

A

Intranasal (4-25% systemic absorption)

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8
Q

Zanamivir A(D)ME

A

Low Plasma Protein Binding

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9
Q

Zanamivir AD(M)E

A

Minimal

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10
Q

Zanamivir ADM(E)

A

Urine, unchanged (less than 8% of dose)

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11
Q

Zanamivir Half life

A

~ 2 hrs

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12
Q

Peramivir (A)DME

A

IV single dose

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13
Q

Peramivir A(D)ME

A

Low Plasma Protein Binding

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14
Q

Peramivir AD(M)E

A

Minimal

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15
Q

Peramivir ADM(E)

A

Renal, unchanged

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16
Q

Peramivir Half life

A

20 hrs; dose adjustment for renal issues

17
Q

Neuraminidase Inhibitors: MOA

A

Binds to Neuraminidase causing conformational change preventing budding of viral progeny from cellular envelope attachment point just prior to release

18
Q

Oseltamivir Clinical Uses

A

Treatment of any age

Chemoprophylaxis in children > 3 months & adults

19
Q

Zanamivir Clinical Uses

A

Treatment in children > 7 years & adults
Chemoprophylaxis in children > 5 years & adults
Not for patients with underlying respiratory disease

20
Q

Peramivir Clinical Uses

A

Treatment in children > 2 years old & adults

Not used for chemoprophylaxis

21
Q

Neuraminidase inhibitor use in pregnancy

A

Recommended treatment or prophylaxis for influenza

22
Q

Oseltamivir adverse effects

A

Nausea
Vomiting
Skin rxn
Neuropsychiatric events

23
Q

Zanamivir adverse effects

A 
Sinusitis 
Dizziness 
Ear, nose, throat infections
Bronchospasm 
Oropharyngeal / facial edema
24
Q

Peramivir adverse effects

A

Diarrhea
Skin rxn
Neuropsychiatric events

25
Q

Adamantanes - Amantadine (A)DME

A

Oral

~ 90% BA

26
Q

Adamantanes - Amantadine A(D)ME

A

CNS distribution

27
Q

Adamantanes - Amantadine AD(M)E

A

Minimal

28
Q

Adamantanes - Amantadine ADM(E)

A

Urine ~ 90% unchanged

29
Q

Adamantanes - Amantadine Half life

A

Young adults: 12-18 hrs
Healthy older adults: 29 hrs
End stage renal disease: 8 days

30
Q

Rimantadine (A)DME

A

Oral - well absorbed

31
Q

Rimantadine A(D)ME

A

CNS distribution, moderate protein binding

32
Q

Rimantadine AD(M)E

A

Hepatic hydroxylation, conjugation, glucuronidation

33
Q

Rimantadine ADM(E)

A

Urine metabolites

34
Q

Adamantanes - MOA

A

M2 protein interference leads to inhibition of uncoating & viral assembly

35
Q

Adamantanes Activity

A

Influenza A only

36
Q

Adamantanes: pregnancy

A

Avoid

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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