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Histology > Inflammation and Repair > Flashcards

Inflammation and Repair Flashcards

1
Q

Innate immunity

A

Acute Inflammation

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2
Q

Acute inflammation

A

shorter duration
initial, rapid response
exuadation of fluid and plasma proteins (EDEMA)

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3
Q

Chronic inflammation

A

if acute fails to clear the stimulus
longer duration
presence of lymphocytes and macrophages, proliferation of blood vessels and disposition of connective tissue
more tissue destruction

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4
Q

Response of vascularized tissues to infectious organism and tissue

A

Inflammation

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5
Q

Causes of inflammation

A

Infections
Immune reactions
Foreign bodies (Endogenous,Exogenous, Cholesterol crystal, and Lipids)
Tissue necrosis

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6
Q

Steps in inflammation

A 
Recognition
Mediators (amines,cytokines)
Recruitment, Plasma 
Vasodilation, Elimination
Fibroblast
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7
Q

Leucocyte recruitment

A

2nd step in acute inflammation

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8
Q

Termination of response

A

4th step in acute inflammation

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9
Q

Steps in acute inflammation

A

Blood vessels reactions
Leucocyte recruitment
Phagocytosis and Cleaning of offending agents
Termination response

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10
Q

Change in blood flow

A

Vasodilation

Stasis and accumulation of leucocytes specifically neutrophils along the endothelium

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11
Q

Migration of tissue toward chemotactic stimulus

A

Chemotaxis

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12
Q

Integrins

A

cells adhere firmly

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13
Q

Acid proteases

A

degrade bacteria and debris

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14
Q

Mediators of acute inflammation

A

Vasoactive amines
Arachidonic acid metabolites
Cytokines

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15
Q

Critical step in complement activation

A

Proteolysis

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16
Q

Morphologic patterns of acute inflammation

A

Ulcers
Purulent Inflammation
Serous Inflammation
Fibrinous Inflammation

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17
Q

Skin blisters

A

Serous Inflammation

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18
Q

Pus

A

Purulent Inflammation

19
Q

Causes of Chronic Inflammation

A

Persistent infections
Autoimmunity
Allergy
Prolonged exposure to toxic agents

20
Q

Morphologic Patterns of chronic

A

Infiltration w/ mononuclear cells
Tissue destruction
Attempts at healing by connective tissue replacement of damaged tissues

21
Q

Proliferation of small blood vessels

A

angiogenesis

22
Q

Mediators of chronic inflammation

A

Macrophages
Lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Neutrophils

23
Q

Lungs

A

Macrophages

24
Q

Classical and ALternative pathway

A

IFN-Y
IL-4
IL-5
IL-13

25
Q

Epitheloid Cells

A

activated macrophages
may develop abundant cytoplasm
begin to resemble epithelial cells

26
Q

Systematic effects of inflammation

A

Leucocytosis
Fever
Septic shock
Production of acute-phase proteins

27
Q

Regeneration

A

able to replace the damaged components and essentially return to a normal state

28
Q

Release histamine and Prostaglandins

A

Mast cells

29
Q

Steps in repair

A

Angiogenesis
Formation of granulation site
Remodelling of connective tissue

30
Q

Foreign body Granuloma

A

incited by relatively inert forign bodies

e.g talc, sutures and other large fibres that cannot phagocytized

31
Q

Patches

A

Scar formation

32
Q

Involves combination of regeneration and scarring

A

healing by second intention

33
Q

Specialized niches

A

Canals of Hering

34
Q

beneath the scab of skin wound

A

granulation tissue

35
Q

Epidermis recovers its normal thickness

A

weeks

36
Q

Abnormalities in tissue repair

A

Dehiscene
Ulceration
Excessive formation of the repair components
Contracture

37
Q

Contraction

A

mediated by a network of myofibroblast

38
Q

Neoplasm lie in the interface between benign and malignant

A

Desmoids/ aggressive fibromatoses

39
Q

Inadequate vascularization

A

Ulceration

40
Q

Abdominal surgery

A

Dehiscence

41
Q

The epithelial layer is involved

A

Healing by first intention

42
Q

Collagen fibers and fibroblast are evident

A

3-7 days

43
Q

1st, 24 hours

A

Rapid activation of coagulation pathways
a scab covering the wound is formed
Neutrophils are present
Epithelial proliferation begins at the edge of the wound

44
Q

Blanching begins

A

weeks

Histology (3 decks)

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