Inflammation and Repair 1 + 2 (7/02)

Question 1

LO’s

Answer 1

1. Describe the morphological patterns and sequelae seen in acute inflammation
2. Describe the clinical presentation of acute inflammation
3. Describe the processes by which tissue is repaired
4. Describe the main features of chronic inflammation, granulomas and fibrosis
5. Describe the role of cells and mediators in both acute and chronic inflammation
6. Describe the systemic effects of inflammation and their underlying mechanisms
7. Describe the local and general factors that affect wound healing

Question 2

Define Inflammation

Answer 2

• The response of vascularised tissue (tissue with blood vessels) to infection/damage.
• It brings defense cells to the sites where they are needed to elimate the pathogen.
• There are fifferent types of inflammation but the hallmark signs of inflammation are:

1. Dilation of small vessels.
2. Increased blood vessel permeability, allowing defence cells to leave.
3. Leukocytes/ WBC migrate to infection site.

Question 3

Descrive Serous Inflammation

Answer 3

• Serous = transparent/ pale yellow fluid.
• Eg: skin blister resulting from a burn or viral infection.
• The fluid is not infected and does not contain large numbers of leukocytes.
• In body cavities the fluid is known as effusion; may be derived from the plasma or from the secretions of mesothelial cells.

Question 4

Descrive Fibrinous Inflammation

Answer 4

• The passage of fibrinogen (a glycoprotein in the blood that is enzymatically coverted into fibrin) out of the blood and deposition of fibrin into the extracellular space after great increases in vascular permeability or procoagulant stimuli (e.g. cancer cells).
• Characteristic of inflammation in the lining of the body cavities (e.g. pericardium, pleura).

Question 5

Describe Purulent Inflammation

Answer 5

Pus made up of neutrophils due to pyogenic (pus producing) bacterial infection.

Question 6

Describe Ulcers

Answer 6

• A break of the continuity of skin, epithelium or mucous membrane caused by shedding out of inflamed necrotic tissue.
• This means ulceration can occur only when tissue necrosis and resultant inflammation exist on or near a surface.

Question 7

What is the difference between acute and chronic inflammation?

Answer 7

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