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Inflammation > Inflammation > Flashcards

Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

1st Change in Acute inflammation

A

Vasoconstriction

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2
Q

Vasodilation due to ?

A

Opening of New Capillary Beds

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3
Q

Exudate Sp gravity?

A

> 1.020

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4
Q

Discovered Cardinal Signs of Inflammation

A

Celsus

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5
Q

Discovered Functio Laesa

A

Virchow

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6
Q

Commonest inflammation

A

Catarrhal

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7
Q

Increased permeabilty

A

Post capillary venule

Due to

Histamine
Bradykinin
Leukotriene

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8
Q

Lymphangitis

A

Bacteria and toxins enter the lymphatics

Most common- Streptococcus Pyogenes

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9
Q

Endothelial Cell Contraction

A

Immediate transient Response

Thorn Prick

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10
Q

Direct EC Injury

A

Immediate Sustained Response (Severe Burn/ Septic)

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11
Q

EC Retraction

A

Delayed Transient

Bact Infection

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12
Q

EC Damage

A

Delayed Prolonged Response

Late Sunburn

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13
Q

Virchow’s Triad

A

Associated with Thrombus formation

  1. EC Injury
  2. Change in blood flow
  3. Increased Coagulibility
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14
Q

Rolling

A

Selectin binding to Siayl Lewis X

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15
Q

E Selectin

A

EC

Activated by TNF and IL 1

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16
Q

P Selectin

A

Weibel Palade bodies induced by histamine

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17
Q

Adhesion

A

Integrin

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18
Q

VCAM 1

A

Ligand for Beta 1 integrin

19
Q

ICAM 1

A

Ligand for Beta 2 integrin

20
Q

Transmigration

A

CD31 /PECAM

COLLAGEN

21
Q

Leukocyte adhesion disorders

A 
Recurrent infections
Autosomal recessive
Def of integrin/ selectin
Delayed seperation of umbilical chord
Infection with no pus
Neutrophilia
22
Q

LAD 1

A

Malfunctioning of integrin

Special - periodontis
Blood group normal

23
Q

LAD 2

A

Bombay blood group

Fucosyl Transferase Defect

24
Q

Chemotaxis

A

C5a
LTB4
IL8
Bacterial products such as nformyl methionine

25
Q

Inhibition of Chemotaxis

26
Q

Activation of integrins

27
Q

Recognition of target cell

A

Mannose receptors

Scavenger receptors

28
Q

Engulfment

A

Pseudopod formation

Opsonization

29
Q

Pseudopod

A

Actin polymerisation

30
Q

Opsonins

A

Fc fragment of IgG
C3b
Fibrinogen
CRP

31
Q

Bruton’s disease

A

X linked recessive
B cell tyrosinkinase defect
Hypogamma globinemia
Defective opsonization(igG)

32
Q

Macrophages ?

A

6-24 hrs - Neutrophils
24-48 hrs -Macrophages

Except

  1. Psuedomonas ( Neutrophils for several days)
  2. viral inf (lymphocytes)
  3. allergic ( eosinophils)
  4. hypersentivity( lym+macro+plasma cells)
33
Q

Killing of bacteria

A

Lysosome plus phagosome

Lyst protein

34
Q

Chediak higeshi ?

A

Lyst protein defect(microtubule)

35
Q

Symptoms?

A 
Recurrent infections
Albinism
Bleeding manifestation 
Neuropathy
Presence of giant granules in the cell
Neutropenia 
Increased risk of hemorrhage
36
Q

Albinism

A

Decrease in melanin

37
Q

Bleeding due to ?

A

Platelet defect

38
Q

Oxygen independent killing

A 
Cathelicidin (neutrophils)
Lysozymes
Lactoferrin ( breast milk)
Major Basic Protein(eosinophils)
Defensin ( arginine)
39
Q

Neutrophil extracellular trap

A

Sepsis

Chromatin forms net

Nuclear antigen exposure

Antinuclear antibody

Autoimmune disorders

Systemic lupus erythematosus

40
Q

Oxygen dependent killing

A 
Respiratory burst
NADPH oxidase 
MPO
Formation of Bleach
Free radical injury
41
Q

NAPDH OXIDASE DEFECT

42
Q

MPO defect

A

Candida infections

43
Q

CGD

A 
X linked ( gp 91 PHOX) membrane
Autosomal ( gp 47 PHOX & gp 67 PHOX) cytosomal

No respiratory burst
Recurrent infections with granuloma with Catalase + organism

NBT Test

44
Q

NBT test

A

Blue if NADPH Oxidase is present

Inflammation (1 decks)

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