Inflammation

Question 1

1st Change in Acute inflammation

Answer 1

Vasoconstriction

Question 2

Vasodilation due to ?

Answer 2

Opening of New Capillary Beds

Question 3

Exudate Sp gravity?

Answer 3

> 1.020

Question 4

Discovered Cardinal Signs of Inflammation

Answer 4

Celsus

Question 5

Discovered Functio Laesa

Answer 5

Virchow

Question 6

Commonest inflammation

Answer 6

Catarrhal

Question 7

Increased permeabilty

Answer 7

Post capillary venule

Due to

Histamine
Bradykinin
Leukotriene

Question 8

Lymphangitis

Answer 8

Bacteria and toxins enter the lymphatics

Most common- Streptococcus Pyogenes

Question 9

Endothelial Cell Contraction

Answer 9

Immediate transient Response

Thorn Prick

Question 10

Direct EC Injury

Answer 10

Immediate Sustained Response (Severe Burn/ Septic)

Question 11

EC Retraction

Answer 11

Delayed Transient

Bact Infection

Question 12

EC Damage

Answer 12

Delayed Prolonged Response

Late Sunburn

Question 13

Virchow’s Triad

Answer 13

Associated with Thrombus formation

1. EC Injury
2. Change in blood flow
3. Increased Coagulibility

Question 14

Rolling

Answer 14

Selectin binding to Siayl Lewis X

Question 15

E Selectin

Answer 15

EC

Activated by TNF and IL 1

Question 16

P Selectin

Answer 16

Weibel Palade bodies induced by histamine

Question 17

Adhesion

Answer 17

Integrin

Question 18

VCAM 1

Answer 18

Ligand for Beta 1 integrin

Question 19

ICAM 1

Answer 19

Ligand for Beta 2 integrin

Question 20

Transmigration

Answer 20

CD31 /PECAM

COLLAGEN

Question 21

Leukocyte adhesion disorders

Answer 21

Recurrent infections
Autosomal recessive
Def of integrin/ selectin
Delayed seperation of umbilical chord
Infection with no pus
Neutrophilia

Question 22

LAD 1

Answer 22

Malfunctioning of integrin

Special - periodontis
Blood group normal

Question 23

LAD 2

Answer 23

Bombay blood group

Fucosyl Transferase Defect

Question 24

Chemotaxis

Answer 24

C5a
LTB4
IL8
Bacterial products such as nformyl methionine

Question 25

Inhibition of Chemotaxis

Answer 25

Steroids

Question 26

Activation of integrins

Answer 26

C5a | LTB4

Question 27

Recognition of target cell

Answer 27

Mannose receptors | Scavenger receptors

Question 28

Engulfment

Answer 28

Pseudopod formation | Opsonization

Question 29

Pseudopod

Answer 29

Actin polymerisation

Question 30

Opsonins

Answer 30

Fc fragment of IgG C3b Fibrinogen CRP

Question 31

Bruton’s disease

Answer 31

X linked recessive B cell tyrosinkinase defect Hypogamma globinemia Defective opsonization(igG)

Question 32

Macrophages ?

Answer 32

6-24 hrs - Neutrophils 24-48 hrs -Macrophages Except 1. Psuedomonas ( Neutrophils for several days) 2. viral inf (lymphocytes) 3. allergic ( eosinophils) 4. hypersentivity( lym+macro+plasma cells)

Question 33

Killing of bacteria

Answer 33

Lysosome plus phagosome Lyst protein

Question 34

Chediak higeshi ?

Answer 34

Lyst protein defect(microtubule)

Question 35

Symptoms?

Answer 35

``` Recurrent infections Albinism Bleeding manifestation Neuropathy Presence of giant granules in the cell Neutropenia Increased risk of hemorrhage ```

Question 36

Albinism

Answer 36

Decrease in melanin

Question 37

Bleeding due to ?

Answer 37

Platelet defect

Question 38

Oxygen independent killing

Answer 38

``` Cathelicidin (neutrophils) Lysozymes Lactoferrin ( breast milk) Major Basic Protein(eosinophils) Defensin ( arginine) ```

Question 39

Neutrophil extracellular trap

Answer 39

Sepsis Chromatin forms net Nuclear antigen exposure Antinuclear antibody Autoimmune disorders Systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 40

Oxygen dependent killing

Answer 40

``` Respiratory burst NADPH oxidase MPO Formation of Bleach Free radical injury ```

Question 41

NAPDH OXIDASE DEFECT

Answer 41

CGD

Question 42

MPO defect

Answer 42

Candida infections

Question 43

CGD

Answer 43

``` X linked ( gp 91 PHOX) membrane Autosomal ( gp 47 PHOX & gp 67 PHOX) cytosomal ``` No respiratory burst Recurrent infections with granuloma with Catalase + organism NBT Test

Question 44

NBT test

Answer 44

Blue if NADPH Oxidase is present