Inflammation Flashcards
Inflammatory Bowel Disease is an umbrella term that includes what two disease processes?
Ulcerative Colitis
Crohn’s disease
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s Disease typically are characterized by how many episodes of diarrhea/day?
up to 20 episodes of diarrhea/day with exacerbations
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease patients frequently report pain where?
abdominal pain that is crampy
(T or F) Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission
True
diverticulitis occurs when….
Diverticulitis occurs when fecal matter becomes trapped in the diverticula resulting in inflammation and infection
Ulcerative colitis usually begins where?
Ulcerative colitis usually begins in the rectum and distal colon
Ulcerative colitis involves which part of the colon (layers)?
mucosa and submucosa
Acute complications of ulcerative colitis include?
Toxic megacolon
hemorrhage
colon perferation
Patients with ulcerative colitis are at greater risk for developing what kind of cancer?
Higher risk for colon cancer
Patients with ulcerative colitis lack sufficient production of ________ ________ which is necessary to absorb vitamin B12
Intrinsic factor
Insufficient absorption of Vit B12 can lead to anemia (T or F)
true
risk factors for ulcerative colitis
Caucasian Jewish Male gender smoking stress autoimmune infection
Where is pain localized in ulcerative colitis
LLQ
Where is pain localized in crohn’s disease
RLQ
In a patient with an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis what will be in their stool and how many times/day will they use the restroom
Diarrhea of 15-20 stools/day with mucus, blood, or pus
A patient with ulcerative colitis may have a fever (T or F)
true
Upon palpation of the abdomen, the RN taking care of patient with ulcerative colotis will present with…?
abdominal distension
abdominal tenderness
abdominal firmness
What type of bowel sounds will be heard in patient with ulcerative colitis
high pitched bowel sounds
Crohns disease is unique in that the lesions are NOT….?
lesions are not continuous
Crohns disease can occur anywhere from mouth to anus
True
Crohns disease may require supplemental Vit B12
True
Risk factors for Chron’s disease
genetics
stress
autoimmune
infection
Steatorrhea is unique to Crohns disease assessment?
True
What are the diagnostic tests for IBD?
Abdominal Xray and CT Barium Enema (to dx UC) Colonoscopy-Sigmoidoscopy Upperendoscopy
What are potential complications of IBD?
Bleeding
Fluid/electrolyte imbalance (K and Na low)
Fistula’s with Crohns
What are some extraintestinal s/sx associated with Crohns
uveitis
arthritis
erythema nodosum
What are some extraintestinal s.sx associated with Ulcerative Colitis
Skin lesions (erythema nodosum) Eye lesions (uveitis) Joint abnormalities (arthitis) liver disease
A nurse is caring for a hospitalized patient with a dx of Ulcerative colitis. Which finding, if noted on assessment, would the RN report to the MD? Bloody diarrhea hypotension a hemoglobin level of 12mg/dL rebound tenderness
rebound tenderness
A nurse is caring for a client postop following a creation of a colostomy. Which of the following nursing dx would the nurse include in the plan of care Alt. Nutrition: more than body req Body image disturbance Fear related to poor prognosis Sexual dysfunctioni
body image disturbance
A nurse is doing preop teaching with a client who is about to undergo the creation of a Kock pouch. the nurse interprets that the client has the best understandnig of the nature of the surgery if the client says….?
“I will need to drain the pouch regularly with my catheter”
“I will need to wear a drainage bag for the rest of my life”
“The drainage from this type of osmotic will be formed”
“I will be able to pass stool by the rectum eventually”
“I will need to drain the pouch regularly with a catheter”
Extraintestinal sx that are seen with both UC and CD are osteoporosis and conjunctivitis peptic ulcer disease and uvetitis erythema nodosum and arthritis gluten intolerance and gallstone
erythema nodosum and arthritis
An important RN intervention for the patient with a SBO who has an NG tube is
offer ice hips to suck PRNl
Provide mouth care q1-2h
irrigate the tube with NS q8H
keep the patient supine with HOB elevated 30 deg
Provide mouth care q1-2h
a patient with IBD has a nursing dx of imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements r.t. decreased nutritional intake and decreased intestinal absorption. Assessment data that support this nursing dx are:
Pallor and hair loss
Frequent diarrhea stools
anorectal excoriation and pain
hypotension and urine output below 30mL/h
Pallor and hair loss
Define: volvus
twisting of bowel on itself
define: intussusception
medical emergency where the bowel is folding on itself
What are nursing care for patient with IBD
Monitor for K imbalance monitor for dehydration Monitor weight Assess for signs of FVD Monitor for s.sx of bowel obstruction instruct patient to report rectal bleeding Monitor H&H values
In the case of UC surgery is curative?
true
in the case of CD surgery is curative
false
