Inflammation Flashcards
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?
Erythema (redness) Edema (swelling) Heat Pain Loss of function
What are some inflammation causes?
Heat or cold Radiation or chemical injury Electrical injury Microbial injury Ischemic injury/hypoxia Disorder in immune response
What are the 4 inflammatory phases?
Vascular response
Cellular response
Formation of exudate
Healing process
What does the vascular response do?
Begins with cell injury
- Vasoconstrict
- Release of histamine & chemical mediators
- Vasodilation
- Hyperemia
- Increase capillary permeability
- Fluid exudate
- Edema
Which cellular response is the first to arrive to the scene of injury within 6-12 hours?
Neutrophils
Which cellular response assist in phagocytosis and has the role of cleaning area before healing can occur?
Monocytes
What is the role of the cellular response?
Releases WBC’s to clean up the wound and initiate further healing processes.
Describe how neutrophils work?
- 1st to arrive to scene
- Phagocytize bacteria (engulfs bacteria)
- Life span of 24-48 hours
- Pus is formed
- Increases need for neutrophils by bone marrow
- Release of immature neutrophils
Describe Monocytes?
2nd type of pahgocytic cell that migrates from circulating blood
- Arrive 3-7 days and transform into macrophages
- Assist in phagocytosis
- Long life span
Name the 3 types of inflammation.
Acute
Subacute
Chronic
How does the repair healing work?
Healed by connective tissue repair:
Primary intention
Secondary intention
Tertiary intention
What is healing by primary intention?
Healing that takes place when wounds margins are well approximated (surgical wounds)
Describe the wound appearance in the granulation phase.
Pink and vascular
Fragile and at risk for dehiscence (spontaneous opening)
epithelium at wound edges begin to regenerate
When does the maturation and scar contraction occur during gthe primary intention healing and how long does it last?
Begins by day 7 and continues for months to years.
What is the difference between primary and secondary intention healing?
Secondary is healed by primary but has bigger wounds and gaping wound edges.
