Inflammation Flashcards
Meningococcal disease can cause what?
Septicaemia and meningitis.
What drugs are used for bacterial meningitis?
IV CEFTRIAXONE, DEXAMETHASONE, AMOXACILIN, ACICLOVIR
If rash from penicillin, what other drugs used?
Penicillin, Cephalosporin
If severe allergic reaction to penicillin, what drug should be used?
Ciprofloxacin, Vancomycin, Erythromycin
Flucoxacillin against?
Staph A
Penicillin good agianst?
Streptococci
For pneumonia, what drugs should be given?
CO Amoxicillin and Doxycycline or Cefuroxamine and Erythromycin
Sepsis 6
1) High flow O2
2) Take blood cultures
3) Check serum lactate and Hb
4) Give broad spectrum antibiotics
5) Iv fluids
6) Hourly urine output
Myobacterium are what kind of bacteria?
Gram +ve. Gram stain with Zn. AAFB.
Treatment of Tb with?
1) rifampicin
2) isoniazid
3) ethambutol
4) pyrazinamide
5) linezolid, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, streptomycin
What would you use to treat E. coli?
Beta lactams
What would you use to treat C diff.?
metronidazole and vancomycin
What is linezolid used for?
VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococci)
ESBL
Extended spectrum beta lactams. e.g. E coli and Klebseilla.
Causes of coagulopathy?
Vitamin K deficiency or warfarin Von Willebrand disease Haemophilia Aspirin Thrombocytopenia Liver failure such as cirrhosis Uremia Unaffected Factor V deficiency Factor X deficiency as seen in amyloid purpura Factor XII deficiency
mTOR
mammalian target for rampamycin
DKA diagnosis
1 - hyperglycaemia 2 - ketoanaemia 3 - acidaemia 4 - dehydration 5 - disordered K levels
Upper UTI
pyelonephritis
Lower UTI
cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis
Chlamydia trachomatis is?
gram -ve
Beta lactams (penicillin, cephalosporins)
inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis
Aminoglycosides (e.g. gentamicin)
Inhibit ribosomal protein synthesis
Eryhtromycin
translocation interference
Tetracyclines
RNA binding interference
Trimethoprim
nucleic acid interference: dihydrofolate inhibition
Fluoroquinolones (e.g. ciproflaxin)
Inhibit DNA gyrase
What does frusemide block?
Na/K/2Cl- co-transporter in the loop of Henle
What do thiazides block?
Na/Cl co-transporter in distal tubule
Where do amiloride and spironolactone act?
On the principal cells in the cortical collecting duct. They also control hypertension.
What is the function of tolvaptan?
It blocks ADH - used in patients with SIADH
