Inflammation Flashcards
Outline the Cells and Molecules involved in the injury for the following Acute disoders
ARDS
Asthma
Glomerulinephritis
Septic Shock
Neutrophils
Eosinophils(IgE)
Antibodies and complement(Neutrophils and monocytes
Cytokines
Outline the Cells and Molecules involved in the injury for the following Chronic disoders
Arthritis
Asthma
Atherosclerosis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Macrophages, lymphocytes, antibodies
Eosinophils(IgE)
Macrophages and lymphocytes
Macrophages and fibroblasts
Acute inflammation is the initial slow response. T/F
False
What are the main characteristics of acute inflammation?
Exudation of fluid and plasma proteins
Emigration of leukocytes and predominantly neutrophils
What’s Another name for neutrophils?
polymorphonuclear leukocytes
If the response to acute inflammation fails to clear stimulus the reaction can progress to a —— phase(chronic inflammation)
Protracted phase
Characteristics of Chronic inflammation includes?
Presence of lymphocytes and macrophages
Proliferation of blood vessels
Deposition of CT
Cardinal signs of inflammation?
Rubor(Redness)
Tumor(swelling)
Calor(heat)
Dolor(pain)
Functiolaesa(loss of function)
What are the three major components of Acute inflammation?
Dilation of blood vessels to increase blood flow
Increase permeability of microvasculature enabling proteins and leukocytes to leave the circulation
Emigration of the proteins and leukocytes from microcirculation to the site of infection to eliminate the offending agents
Vascular reactions of acute inflammation consists of?
Changes in blood flow
Permeability of vessels
What is the reason for the vascular reactions of acute inflammation?
Both designed to maximize the movement of plasma proteins and leukocytes out of circulation to the site of infection
The escape of fluid, proteins and blood cells from the vascular system into the interstitial tissue or body cavities is known as?
Exudation
What is an exudate?
It is an extracellular fluid that contains high protein concentration and contains cellular debris
A fluid with low protein content most of which is albumin with little or no cellular material and low specific gravity is KA?
Transudate
Transudate is essentially an ——— of blood plasma that is produced as a result of —— or —— imbalance across the vessel wall without an increase in ———
Ultrafiltrate
Osmotic or hydrostatic
Vascular permeability
Edema denotes an —— in the —— or ——. it can either be either an —— or ——
excess of fluid
Interstitial tissue or serous cavities
exudate or Transudate
Pus is a —— Exudate
Purulent
Pus is an inflammatory exudate rich in leukocytes mostly?—— the debris of dead cells and in many cases ——
Neutrophils
Microbes
Increased hydrostatic pressure causes —— Which leads to ——
Venous outflow obstruction
Congestive heart failure
Vasoldilation first involves the —— and then leads to opening of new —— in the area
Arterioles
Capillary beds
What causes redness and heat at the site of inflammation?
Vasodilation——increased blood flow
Vasodilation is followed by ?
Increased permeability of microvasculature
Loss of fluid and increase vessel diameter leads to faster blood flow. T/F
F. Slower
Loss of fluid leads to —— blood flow, concentration of —— in small vessels and —— viscosity of the blood
Slower
Red cells
Increased
What is engorgement of small vessels with slowly moving red cells termed as?
Stasis
Stasis is seen as a —— and —— of the tissue involved
Vascular congestion
Localized redness
Vasodilation is induced by a notable mediator called?
Histamine
As stasis develops, blood leukocytes principally —— accumulate along the ——
Neutrophils
Vascular endothelium
Endothelial cells are activated by mediators produced at the —— and ——
Site of infection
Tissue damage
