Infertility Flashcards
What percentage of couples will concieve naturally within one year and two years respectively ?
First year: 85%
Second year: 94%
On what day in a normal 28 day cycle does ovulation occur?
Day 14
How do you calculate when ovulation is occuring in a non-standard cycle length?
Take 14 away from cycle length e.g. 35 day cycle, ovulation will occur on day 21
How is male factor infertility diagnosed?
2 semen analyses 2-3 days apart with total abstinence inbetween. If abnormal sperm are detected, the test is repeated in 3 months.
What is the likely cause of oligozoospermia, asthenazoospermia and teratozoospermia (known as OATs)?
Anabolic steroid use causing hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.
What is the most common cause of male facter infertility?
Idiopathic causes - unidentifiable
What are the three possible managements for male factor infertility?
If sperm are present: intracytoplasmic sperm injection
If sperm are absent: percutaneous sperm aspiration OR sperm donation
What is the most common cause of couple infertility?
Male factor infertility
What are the 3 identifiable causes of couple infertility?
- Male factor infertility
- Ovulatory disorders
- Pelvic pathology
What are the 3 ovulatory disorders causing infertility?
- Hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction (including weight loss)
- PCOS
- Primary ovarian insufficiency
What are the four pelvic pathologies causing infertility?
- PID
- Endometriosis
- Fibroids
- Previous surgery or infection
How is pelvic pathology related infertility investigated?
Hysterosalpingography
Hysterosalpingo-contrast-ultrasonography
Laparoscopy
What is the first line treatment for unexplained infertility and at what time should this be commenced?
IVF: after 2 years of trying to concieve
Which group of women are particularly at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome?
Woman with PCOS
What is the cause of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome?
High dose gonadotrophins used in IVF to trigger egg production
