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Dante's World > Inferno Exam ID's > Flashcards

Inferno Exam ID's Flashcards

1
Q

Charon

A
  • Charon is an old man who ferries souls across the river Acheron to the first circle of Hell
  • A figure that Dante appropriates from Aeneid and Greek mythology
  • Guardian of 1st circle of hell
  • He will carry everyone who wishes to cross, but will chastise those who displease him with the pole with which he propels the ferry (that is, beat them senseless)
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2
Q

Minos

A
  • Minos talks to those who come to the Palace, and once he has determined the best place for them, sends them to the appropriate part of Hell, wrapping them up in his tail, which extends off and carries the sinner away.
  • In mythology he is a rotten person- but he is associated with casting people into judgment, he does the same in the 1st Circle
  • He threatens Dante but Virgil reminds him of their define right.
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3
Q

Cerberus

A
  • Guardian of Gluttonous (3rd circle)
  • A three headed watch Dog of the underworld with three mouths that symbolizes the desire and hunger that comes with gluttony
  • In the Aeneid by Virgil Cerberus can be gotten around by feeding him honey-cakes
  • In Book VI of the Aeneid, the Sibyl threw tranquilizers to each of the three heads of Cerberus so Aeneas could pass in safety.
  • In the Inferno Virgil throws mud and it does the same thing
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4
Q

Ciacco

A
  • A gluttonous sinner who Dante meets in the 3rd Cirlce of Gluttony (canto VI)
  • Dante doesn’t recognize him because his body is so bloated at a sinner of gluttony
  • Ciacco who is from Florence prophesizes the future
  • He talks about Florence as a sinful gluttonous body that will lead it to its ultimate downfall. “envy, pride, and avariciousness.”
  • He prophesizes Dante being driven out of Florence by return of Blacks and Pope Boniface VIII
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5
Q

Plutus

A
  • A Demon of Avarice that Dante meets before entering the Fourth Circle
  • A Methological creature- the god of wealth to symbolizes wealth
  • Plutus punishes those who misused their wealth as demon of Avarice
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6
Q

Styx River

A
  • This region is the end of Upper Hell and the beginning of Nether, or Lower, Hell.
  • Home to the 5th Circle of Hell- The Wrathful and Sullen
  • Sullen have sunk to the bottom of the Styx River
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7
Q

Phlegyas

A
  • The boatman who rows Dante and Virgil across the river Styx.
  • In Aeneid Phlegya is punished for setting Apollos temple on fire Wrathfully! Which is why he serves are the guardian of the wrathful in the Styx.
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8
Q

Furies

A
  • Mythological figures that are supposed to punish the wicked in the underworld.
  • 3 women furies that try to stop him on his journey past the city of dis by summoning Medusa
  • In Aeneid, Virgil writes of such creatures as the Furies and the Medusa–is central to the meaning of Dante’s episode.
  • The Furies, according to Virgil’s were a terrifying trio of “daughters of Night”–bloodstained with snakes in their hair and about their waists–who were often invoked to exact revenge on the part of offended mortals and gods
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9
Q

MEDUSA

A

Medusa, one of three sisters of FURIES known as the Gorgons, was so frightening to behold that those who looked at her would turn to stone.
At the city of dis entrance, Virgil protects Dante’s eyes from Medusa

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10
Q

Minotaur

A
  • Guardian of the 7th Circle (Violent Sinners)
  • Part beast part man from Mythology with violent ways
  • Like Harpies, Minotaur is half human, half beast to signify that violent sins are beast like sins
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11
Q

Nessus

A
  • Nessus, another Centaur, was appointed by Chiron to guide Dante and Virgil across the river Phlegethon.
  • Nessus raped Hercules wife and then gave her a poisoned robe that she unknowingly gave to Hercules- Nessus is a murdered
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12
Q

Harpies

A
  • Ring II of Suicide is watched over by Harpies
  • Half woman half (vulture like) bird which are associated in mythology with disease and famine
  • They fly around Wood of the Suicides and feed on them
  • Half beast signify beastial ways of the violent sinners
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13
Q

Phlegeton

A
  • Circle VII - The Violent- Ring I - The River Phlegethon - Tyrants and Murderers- It consists entirely of the River Phlegethon
  • a river of boiling blood. Its smell is overpowering, fresh blood and clotted blood, copper bright and polluted foul.
  • In one place a stream of the blood leaves the River Phlegethon and flows downwards through the rest of this Circle towards the drop into the Eighth Circle.
  • Also in the Aeneid
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14
Q

Francesca

A
  • Canto V- 2nd Circle- Lustful
  • She and her brother-in-law Paolo had a love affair after reading a poetry book and it’s the books fault and the poet
  • She tells Dante about their love and murder by her husband and Dante faints because he feels at fault as a poet!
  • Contemporary of Dante’s time- She talks about her home a few towns away from Dante
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15
Q

Paolo

A
  • Canto V- Lustful
  • Paolo and Francesca are a pair of sinners
  • Love led them to a single death
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16
Q

Acheron

A
  • The beginning of Upper Hell, Ante-Hell lies outside the River Acheron
  • a fast-moving river of ink-black water.
  • Anyone who has any contact whatsoever with the River Acheron will be trapped forever in the river, very cold and very uncomfortable, aware and unable to move.
  • This is the first of the rivers and marshes of Virgil’s underworld in the Aeneid.
  • Virgil makes no clear distinction between the locations and functions of these bodies of water (Charon seems to guard them all), Dante’s infernal rivers are more sharply drawn.
  • Here the Acheron functions as a boundary separating the cowardly neutrals from the souls in the circles of hell proper.
17
Q

Geryon

A
  • The guardian of the Eighth Circle is Geryon.
  • Geryon is the personification of Fraud- creature has the face of an honest man, but the body of a serpent because fraudulent depict themselves as good but they are monster inside.
  • Geryon can carry people down to the Eighth Circle, but must be summoned in some manner; throwing a rope down was sufficient for Virgil and Dante. Once he rises out of the depths, Geryon must be bargained with to carry the traveller down to the Eighth Circle.
18
Q

Antaeus

A
  • The giant Antaeus can be persuaded to carry travellers to the Well of The Giants at the bottom of the 8th circle to the 9th Circle, known as the Cocytus
  • Antaeus, is in the Well for the many murders he committed; he should be in another circle, but suffers with the other Giants merely because of his nature as a Giant
  • He is unchained because he did not join the other Giants against the gods. Here, again, the sinner with the worse sin is punished more harshly.
19
Q

Malebolge

A
  • Name Dante gives to circle 8, which consists of ten concentric ravines or ditches: malemeans “evil” and bolgia is a Tuscan dialect word for “purse” or “pouch.” Malebolge therefore translates to “Evil Pouches.”
  • Dante describes the overall structure of circle 8–similar to moats (with connecting bridges) around a castle
  • There are 10 “pouches” or ditches
20
Q

Ulysses

A
  • Ulysses and Diomedes, two Greek heroes from the war against Troy whose joint punishment reflects their many combined exploits.
  • Ulysses is the 8th Pouch of 8th circle as evil couselor
  • Virgil, who writes extensively of Ulysses from the perspective of the Trojan Aeneas (Aeneid 2), now as Dante’s guide lists three offenses committed by Ulysses
  • Dante invents an original version of the final chapter of Ulysses’ life, a voyage beyond the boundaries of the known world that ends in shipwreck and death
  • Ulysses is meant to remind Dante that he needs to curb his talent as a poet and never misapply it- only use it for good.
21
Q

Veltro

A
  • The greyhound- is the first of several enigmatic prophecies in the poem to a savior figure who will come to redirect the world to the path of truth and virtue
  • In canto 1- Virgil informed Dante that the three beasts were impassible: the she-wolf would reign until the greyhound came and slew her, and restored peace to Italy.
  • The identity of the greyhound has been widely disputed: Christ, Dante himself, the Holy Roman Emperor, and Dante’s benefactor Cangrande della Scala are some candidates.
22
Q

Cocytus

A
  • Last of the infernal rivers and forms an icy lake in the last circle of hell
  • Dante calls circle 9, a frozen lake, Cocytus (from Greek, meaning “to lament”).
  • One of the rivers in the classical underworld, Cocytus is described by Virgil as a dark, deep pool of water that encircles a forest and into which pours sand spewed from a torrid whirlpool Aeneid
23
Q

Onrefni

A

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Dante's World (1 decks)

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