Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Oral Pathology Exam 5 > Infective Stomatitis - Bacterial > Flashcards

Infective Stomatitis - Bacterial Flashcards

1
Q

Impetigo is a skin infection caused by:

A

Streptococcus pyogenes & Staphyloccus aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Impetigo affects what age group?

A

Young children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What location on the body does impetigo present>

A

Face & Extremities

Facial lesions usually develop around the nose and mouth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What things predispose someone to impetigo infection

A

Poor hygiene
Crowded living conditions
Hot & humid climate
Previous trauma: abrasions, insect bites, dermatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is Impetigo spread?

A

Through skin contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does impetigo present?

A

Vesicles that rupture, leaving light brown (amber) colored crusts (cornflakes glued to the surface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In what specific way does impetigo differ from HSV

A

lesions persist until treated. This is unlike HSV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is Impetigo treated?

A

Topical or Systemic antibiotics

  • mupirocin topical
  • cephalexin, dicloxacillin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tonsillitis and pharyngitis in origin is due to what?

A

Bacterial or viral in origin:

group A, beta-hemolytic streptococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Tonsillitis and pharyngitis cause what hallmark condition?

A

Strep Throat
- sore throat, headache, fever, tonsillar hyperplasia, yellowish tonsillar exudate, erythema, palatal petechiae, and lymphadenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What age group does Tonsillitis and pharyngitis target?

A

Children aged 5-15 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is Tonsillitis and pharyngitis spread?

A

Spread by contact with infectious nasal or oral secretions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How to treat Tonsillitis and pharyngitis

A

Culture & treat with antibiotics:

- penicillin, amoxicillin, cephalosporin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Complications of Strep throat

A

Scarlet fever
Rheumatic fever
Glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Characteristics of Scarlet fever

A
  • Group A, beta-hemolytic streptococci
  • children aged 3-12 years
  • organisms elaborate an erythrogenic toxin that attacks blood vessels
  • Skin rash, fever, palatal petechiae, “strawberry tongue”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Characteristics of Rheumatic fever

A

Affects heart, joints, central nervous system, damages heart valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Syphillis is caused by?

A

Treponema pallidum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How is Syphilis spread?

A

Direct contact with mucosal surfaces (sexual contact, mother to fetus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

There is an increased incidence of Syphilis in what groups of people

A

African Americans
Prostitutes
Drug abusers

20
Q

How common is Syphilis in the U.S. compared to other countries

A

50-100x higher prevalence in the U.S. compared with other industrialized countries

21
Q

Describe primary syphilis

A
  • Chancre: painless ulcer at site of inoculation
  • External genitalia, anus, lip
  • 3-90 days after initial exposure
  • regional lymphadenopathy
  • TPHA + FTA-ABS (????)
  • Highly infectious
22
Q

Describe secondary syphilis

A
  • 4-10 weeks after initial infection
  • Mucous patches
  • “snail track” ulcers
  • Condylomata lata (papillomas), maculopapular cutaneous rash
  • Lymphadenopathy, sore throat, fever
  • Highly infectious
23
Q

Laten syphilis

A

1-30 years

24
Q

Describe Tertiary syphilis

A
  • develops in 30% of patients
  • Gumma : unique type of necrosis
  • indurated, nodular or ulcerated lesion
  • intramurally, usually affects palate (perforation) or tongue
  • Glossitis, atrophy and loss of dorsal tongue papillae (Luetic glossitis)
  • Syphilitic leukoplakia
  • Cardiovascular system and CNS involvement
25
Q

Describe congenital syphilis

A

Frontal bossing
Underdeveloped Mx
High arched palate
Saddle nose deformity

26
Q

Hutchinson’s triad

A

Interstitial keratitis of cornea
VIII nerve deafness
Dental abnormalities
- screwdriver-shaped “Hutchinson’s incisors”
- “mulberry molars” bumps on occlusal surface

27
Q

Blood tests in Congenital Syphilis

A

VDRL and RPR - sensitive but not specific
TPHA and FTA-ABS
Mucosal smear not recommended, oral flora has spirochetes
- Antibiotics: penicillin

28
Q

Tuberculosis is caused by:

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis:

- acid-fast bacillus

29
Q

What is Tuberculosis

A

Primary infection of lungs

30
Q

What contributes the progression of Tuberculosis from an infection to active disease?

A

Immunodeficiency (old age, poverty, HIV/AIDS)

31
Q

How is Tuberculosis spread?

A

Spread through airborne droplets from patients with active disease

32
Q

Clinical features of Tuberculosis

A 
Fever
night sweats
fatigue
weight loss
productive cough
hemoptysis
- Lymph node involvement "Scrofula"
33
Q

Tuberculosis chronic direct infection with skin causes what?

A

Lupus vulgaris

34
Q

Tuberculosis direct infection orally causes what features?

A

Chronic painless ulceration usually involving tongue or palate
- atypical periodontal disease

35
Q

Biopsy of Tuberculosis shows what?

A

Tissue culture and biopsy shows grandmas with central areas of necrosis

36
Q

What tests are done for Tuberculosis

A
  1. AFB - Acid fast bacillus stain shows typical red bacilli
  2. PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
  3. PPD skin test and chest radiograph
37
Q

What treatment is used for tuberculosis

A

Isoniazid (INH)

rifampin

38
Q

Actinomycosis is caused by what?

A

Actinomyces israelii: normal saprophytic anaerobic inhabitant of oral cavity

39
Q

In what group of people is Actinomycosis common

A

History of surgery or trauma

40
Q

Where does Actinomycosis occur most commonly?

A

55% of cases occur in cervicofacial areas

- injury, periodontal pocket, nonmetal tooth, extraction socket, infected tonsil

41
Q

How does Actinomycosis present?

A

Abscesses and draining sinus tracts

- Culture: colonies of organisms are yellow “sulphur granules”

42
Q

How do you treat Actinomycosis

A

Long-term high doses of antibiotics
- can range from 6 weeks to 12 months, depending on extent of infection.

Localized acute infections (periodical or pericoronal actinomycosis) may be treated more conservatively.
- removal of infected tissue usually produces sufficient aeration that antibiotics aren’t needed (follow-up)

43
Q

Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis is caused by what?

A

Bacillus fusiformis

Borrelia vincetii

44
Q

When does NUG most frequently occur?

A

during situations of stress, immunodeficiency or malnourishment

45
Q

What age group is most affected by NUG

A

Young and middle-aged adults

46
Q

How does NUG present orally

A
  • Interdental papillae are highly inflamed and hemorrhagic
  • Papillae are blunted with areas of “punched-out” necrosis that are covered with a grape pseudomembrane
  • Fetid odor and intense pain
47
Q

How do you treat NUG

A
  • Debridement by scaling or curettage
  • Chlorhexidine rinses
  • Systemic antibiotics if fever or lymphadenopathy is present.

Oral Pathology Exam 5 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions