Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BI374 Final > Infectious disease transmission > Flashcards

Infectious disease transmission Flashcards

1
Q

What are correlated with possible means of transmission?

A
  • geographical, seasonal and age group incidence of disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Viability of travelling particle is better in higher ____

A
  • moisture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the mode of transmission in the lungs/respiratory system? is this direct or indirect?

A
  • airborne
  • indirect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the mode of transmission in the GI tract? is this direct or indirect?

A
  • water/food
  • indirect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the mode of transmission in the urogenital system? is this direct or indirect?

A
  • direct contact with infected part of body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What 3 stages must occur for pathogen to successfully survive transmission?

A
  • escape from host
  • travel
  • entry into new host
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What conditions must pathogen survive during its travel?

A
  • moisture
  • temp
  • UV exposure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What needs to be passed for entry into host?

A
  • dryness of skin
  • cilia in trachea
  • hairs in nose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give an example of direct host-to-host transmission

A
  • kissing
  • transmits to someone more susceptible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Give an example of indirect host-to-host transmission

A
  • depositing stuff on bench/door handles
  • more common
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is fomite?

A
  • inanimate material that can transmit something (shedding)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the onset of common-source epidemic? Give an example of a bacteria that causes this.

A
  • spike in cases
  • ex. cholera
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the onset of host-to-host epidemic? Give an example of a bacteria that causes this.

A
  • slow and long onset
  • influenza
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What factors should be considered in host community?

A
  • coevolution of host and parasite
  • herd immunity
  • disease cycles
  • hospital-acquired infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is herd immunity?

A
  • majority of population protected/immune
  • vaccine/personal immunity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What diseases are easiest to eradicate?

A
  • ones that only have human host
17
Q

What control measures are undertaken against in disease control?

A
  • reservoir and pathogen
18
Q

What procedures are used to arrest and control disease?

A
  • immunization
  • quarantine
19
Q

What is a serious and ongoing concern in pathogen identification /control? Why?

A
  • emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases
  • develops ways to surpass defences (evolves)
20
Q

What are the main factors that influence emergence of “new pathogens”

A
  • human population shifts
  • technology and industry
  • economic development/land use
  • international travel and commerce
  • breakdown of public health measures
  • microbial adaptation
  • abnormal natural occurrences
21
Q

What does population shift cause?

A
  • movement of pathogens, people must adapt to different conditions (water)
22
Q

What technology causes spread of pathogens?

A
  • air conditioning
23
Q

How does the economy influence population dynamics?

A
  • rotting teeth of racoons
24
Q

How do public health measures influence pathogen spread

A
  • cannot impose things and limit freedom
25
Q

What is an example of abnormal natural occurances?

A
  • high rain events, floods, tsunamis = botulism/tetanus (water brought up sediment)
26
Q

most respiratory pathogens respond well to ______ _____ but are still quite common

A
  • antibiotic therapy
27
Q

What does strep. pyrogenes cause?

A
  • strep throat
28
Q

What does strep. pneumoniae cause?

A

-pneumonia

29
Q

What does diphtheriae cause

A
  • tetanus/botulism
30
Q

what does pertussis cause?

A
  • whooping cough
31
Q

What bacteria cause food poisoning?

A
  • staph. aureus
  • clostridium perfringens (diarrhea/cramps)
  • clostridium botulinum (severe)
32
Q

What happens if food-borne bacteria can persist outside human host?

A
  • co-exist for a bit, then kill it because its survival does not matter to the bacteria
33
Q

Give examples of bacteria that cause food infection

A
  • e.coli, salmonella, listeria
34
Q

Where are we exposed to foodborne infectious bacteria?

A
  • leftovers
35
Q

How does waterborne transmission occur?

A
  • water used for cooking, drinking or recreation
36
Q

What do waterborne infection depend on?

A
  • pathogen’s virulence and host resistance
37
Q

What is the life cycle of vibrio cholerae?

A
  • quorum senses and when there are too many, they shut down and exit host to complete life cycle elsewhere

BI374 Final (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions