Infectious Disease MTB

Question 0

What Iv ABX cover staph aureus?

Answer 0

Oxacillin, nafcillin or cefazolin

Question 1

What does staph aureus typically affect?

Answer 1

Bone, heart, skin, joint

Question 2

What oral antibiotics cover MSSA?

Answer 2

Dicloxacillin or cephalexin

Question 3

How do you treat a severe MRSA infection?

Answer 3

Vanc, linezolid dalton yon ceftaroline tigecycline or telavancin

Question 4

What side effect does linezolid cause?

Answer 4

Thrombocytopenia

Question 5

What side effect does dalton using cause?

Answer 5

Myopathy and a rising cpk

Question 6

How do you treat a minor MRSA infection?

Answer 6

Bactrim, doxy or clinda

Question 7

If a pt has a pcn allergy that causes a rash what ABX do you use to tx staph?

Answer 7

Cephalosporin

Question 8

If a pt has a pcn allergy that causes anaphylaxis what do you use to treat staph ?

Answer 8

Macrolides ( azithro, clarithro) cLinda or bactrim

Question 9

What medications are specific for the treatment of strep?

Answer 9

Penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin

Question 10

What are examples of gram neg bacilli(rods)

Answer 10

E. coli, enterobacter,citrobacter, morganella,pseudomonas, serratia

Question 11

What can you treat gram negs rods with?

Answer 11

Cephalosporins, penicillins, monobactam, quinolone a, amainoglycosides, and carbapenems

Question 12

What are some examples of amino glycosides?

Answer 12

Gentamicin, tobramycin,amikacin

Question 13

What is the only carbapenem that does not cover pseudomonas?

Answer 13

Ertapenem

Question 14

What covers strep staph and anaerobes?

Answer 14

Piperciillin and ticarcillin

Question 15

Gives 3 examples of excellent pneumococcal drugs

Answer 15

Levofloxacin gemifloxacin and moxifloxacin

Question 16

What antibiotic works synergistically with other agents to treat staph and strep?

Answer 16

Amino glycosides ( gent, tobra, amikacin)

Question 17

What antibiotic class is used for excellent anti anaerobic coverage including strep and MSSA. Give examples in class.

Answer 17

Carbapenrms ( imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem and doripenem)

Question 18

What antibiotic covers MRSA and is broadly active against gram neg bacilli?

Answer 18

Tigecycline

Question 19

What meds do you use for GI anaerobic tx?

Answer 19

Metronidazole ( DOC)

Carbepenems, piperacillin and ticarcillin

Question 20

What are the only cephalosporins that cover anaerobes?

Answer 20

Cefoxitin and cefotetan

Question 21

What is the adverse side effect of linezolid?

Answer 21

Low platelets

Question 22

What is the adverse side effect of imipenem?

Answer 22

Seizures

Question 23

What is the DOC for respiratory anaerobic strep?

Answer 23

Clindamycin

Question 24

What are the medications no anaerobic coverage?

Answer 24

Aminoglycosides aztreonam fluoroquinolones oxacillin/nafcillin and all the cephalosporins except cefoxitin and cefotetan

Question 25

What is the best long-term therapy for CMV retinitis?

Answer 25

Valganciclovir

Question 26

What are side effects of valganciclovir and ganciclovir?

Answer 26

Neutropenia and bone marrow suppression

Question 27

What is the side effect of foscarnet?

Answer 27

Renal toxicity

Question 28

What antiviral agent do you use to treat. Influenza A and B?

Answer 28

Oseltamivirand zanamivir (neuraminidase inhibitors)

Question 29

What is ribavirin used to treat?

Answer 29

Hepatitis C and RSVP

Question 30

What antiviral a treat chronic hep b?

Answer 30

Lamivudine interferon adefovir tenofovir entecavir and telbivudine

Question 31

What is the best agent against aspergillus?

Answer 31

Voriconazole

Question 32

What is a side effect of voriconazole?

Answer 32

Visual disturbances

Question 33

DOC for neutropenic fever?

Answer 33

Echinocandins( capsofungin micafungin and anidulafungin)

Question 34

What 3 things is amphotericin effective against?

Answer 34

Candida cryptococcus and aspergillus

Question 35

DOC for aspergillus?

Answer 35

Voriconazole

Question 36

DOC for neutropenic fever?

Answer 36

Caspofungin

Question 37

DOC for candida?

Answer 37

Fluconazole

Question 38

What are adverse effects of amphotericin?

Answer 38

Renal tox/ inc cr Hypokalemia Met acidosis Fevers shakes chills

Question 39

What is the earliest finding of osteomyelitis on x-ray?

Answer 39

Periosteal elevation

Question 40

What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis?

Answer 40

Staph

Question 41

What is DoC for osteo for MSSA?

Answer 41

Oxacillin or nafcillin

Question 42

What is DoC for osteo for MRSA?

Answer 42

Vanc linezolid or dapto

Question 43

What is the only form of osteomyelitis I can successfully be treated by oral antibiotics?

Answer 43

Gram neg bacilli ( salmonella and pseudomonas)

Question 44

What is the cause of malignant otitis externa typically what patient presents with this?

Answer 44

Pseudomonas in a pt with diabetes

Question 45

What antibiotics are active against Pseudomonas?

Answer 45

Ciprofloxacin, pipercillin, cefepime, carbapenem or aztreonam

Question 46

If the treatment of choice amoxicillin is not effective for otitis media what antibiotics do you switch to?

Answer 46

Amoxicillin clavulanate, chef donor, ceftibuten, cefuroxime, cefprozil, cefpodoxime

Question 47

What are the most common causes of otitis media and sinusitis?

Answer 47

Streptococcus pna, h. Influ and moraxella catarrhalis

Question 48

What is the most accurate test for diagnosing sinusitis and what is the best initial test?

Answer 48

The most accurate test for diagnosing sinusitis is a sinus aspirate for culture and the best initial test is an x-ray

Question 49

The patient has strep throat but has a penicillin allergy what type of ABX do you give them?

Answer 49

Azithromycin or clarithromycin

Question 50

Which two antiviral agents work against both influenza a and b?

Answer 50

Oseltamivir or zanamivir

Question 51

What causes impetigo?

Answer 51

Strep pup genes or staph aureus

Question 52

What oral agents do you use for impetigo?

Answer 52

Dicloxacillinor cephalexin

Question 53

What causes erysipelas?

Answer 53

Group A (pyogenes) strep

Question 54

How do you treat erysipelas?

Answer 54

Oral dicloxacillin or cephalexin If confirmed strep A beta hemolytic strep use penicillin VK

Question 55

What is the cause of cellulitis?

Answer 55

Staph aureus and strep pyogenes

Question 56

How do you treat minor, severe, and pcn allergic pts with cellulitis?

Answer 56

Minor: dicloxacillin or cephalexin PO Severe: oxacillin, nafcillin, or cefazolin IV PCN: if causes rashes use cephalosporins ie cefazolin Anaphylaxis: vanc linezolid, daptomycin or if minor macrolides or clindamycin

Question 57

What antibiotics are safe in pregnancy?

Answer 57

``` "A Pace" Aztreonam PCN axithromycin Cephalosporins Erythromycin ```

Question 58

What do you use to treat a pregnant woman with herpes?

Answer 58

Acyclovir

Question 59

How do you treat infective endocarditis?

Answer 59

With vanc and gent

Question 60

For endocarditis prophylaxis what is ABX of choice and if allergy what do you use?

Answer 60

Amoxicillin; clindamycin

Question 61

The only cardiac defects that need ppx are what?

Answer 61

Prosthetic valves Unrepaired cyan optic heart dx Previous endocarditis Transplant recipient who develops valve dx

Question 62

What are the only procedures that need ppx?

Answer 62

Dental procedures causing bleeding Resp surgery Surgery of infected skin

Question 63

What are indications for valve replacement?

Answer 63

``` Valve rupture Abscess Prosthetic valve Fungal endocarditis Embolic event once started on ABX ```

Question 64

Start HIV therapy at what cd4 count?

Answer 64

500

Question 65

What non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor causes drowsiness?

Answer 65

Efavirenz

Question 66

What protease inhibitor causes kidney stones?

Answer 66

Indinavir

Question 67

What are two major side effects of protease inhibitors ( -navir)?

Answer 67

Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia

Question 68

What is the major side effect of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors?

Answer 68

Lactic acidosis

Question 69

What is a side effect of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor zidovudine?

Answer 69

Anemia

Question 70

What is a side effect of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor abacavir?

Answer 70

Rash

Question 71

What nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors cause pancreatitis and peripheral neuropathy?

Answer 71

Didanosine and stavudine

Question 72

If pt is pregnant and finds out she has HIV when do you start HAART therapy?

Answer 72

Immediately

Question 73

What are you treating for if cd4 count is <200? What do you treat with and what do you change to if a rash develops?

Answer 73

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia Bactrim Switch to atovaquone or dapson if rash develops Watch out if g6pd no dapsone!!

Question 74

If cd4 <50 what are you treating for and what do you use?

Answer 74

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare | Azithtomycin once weekly