Infectious disease/ antibiotics Flashcards
What are the first line empiric antibiotics for UTI (uncomplicated cystitis)? (3 options)
Trimethoprim
Cephalexin (1st gen ceph–> mostly gram pos and some gram neg)= Keflex
Co-amoxyclav
What is enoxaparin AKA? What is the basic MOA?
LMW heparin, Clexane
Binds antithrombin III, activates it, which inactivates thrombin (therefore less fibrin produced) and also factor Xa.
What is Plavix AKA? What is its MOA?
Clopidogrel
The drug works by irreversibly inhibiting a receptor called P2Y12, an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) chemoreceptor on platelet cell membranes–> prevents platelet activation
Which generation cephalosporin is cephazolin, and what is it used for?
Staphylococcal and streptococcal infections in people with mild-to-moderate penicillin allergy
Surgical prophylaxis
UTI
1st gen cephalosporin.
Tazocin (piperacillin and tazobacatam):
- rationale for using them together
- uses
Tazobactam inhibits beta-lactamase, which extends spectrum of activity of piperacillin with tazobactam to cover many beta-lactamase-producing organisms.
Mixed (aerobic and anaerobic) infections, especially if P. aeruginosa is involved–> eg infected foot ulcer, infected surgical wound.
Febrile neutropenia
Which 2 abx combination drugs can be chosen to use for mixed anaerobic and aerobic wound infections?
Tazocin (piperacillin and tazobacatam)
Ticarcillin and clavulanic acid
Which abx (2) are used to treat H. pylori infection? What other medication are these accompanied by?
Amoxycillin and clarythromyin
accompanied by a PPI. Treatment is for 7 days.
What is the first line treatment for CAP? (mild, mod, severe)
mild: oral amoxycillin or doxycyclin
moderate: benzylpenecillin IV and doxycycline oral
severe: ceftriaxone IV plus azithromycin IV
What is the first like treatment for HAP?
Low risk of weird organism: ceftriaxone IV
High risk of weird stuff: pip/taz +/- vancomycin
