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katse101 > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is immune senescence?

A

Immune response decline with age

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2
Q

What is the cause of immune senescence? (2)

A

Depressed T cell responses and depressed T cell/macrophage interactions

B cells produce lower affinity antibodies

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3
Q

True or false: age has a greater influence on immune senescence than the impact of comorbidities and host resistance

A

false–other way around

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4
Q

True or false: fever may be absent in 30-50% of frail older adults with serious infections?

A

True

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5
Q

What are the three different ways a fever can be redefined in old age?

A

Temp >2 F above baseline
Oral temp >99 F
Rectal temp >99.5

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6
Q

True or false: renal function declines with aging, regardless of any renal pathology

A

True

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7
Q

What is the most common causative agent of UTIs?

A

E.coli

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8
Q

What are the minimum criteria to diagnose a UTI without a catheter?

A

Fever AND some other common signs of UTIs

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9
Q

What are the minimum criteria to diagnose a UTI with a catheter?

A

Fever OR some other common signs of UTIs /psych symptoms

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10
Q

What are the minimum criteria to diagnose skin and soft tissue infections in the elderly?

A

Fever OR redness, TTP, warmth etc

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11
Q

What is the earliest sign of geriatric pneumonia?

A

Tachypnea

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12
Q

What are the minimum criteria to diagnose a respiratory tract infection in the elderly?

A

Fever w/ productive cough

Fever, AND tachycardia

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13
Q

How do the minimum criteria to diagnose respiratory infections changes with a pt what has COPD?

A

No fever needed–just increased purulent cough

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14
Q

What are the tracts that are more common sites of sepsis infections for older adults than younger?

A

GI and GU

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15
Q

What is the strongest independent predictor of mortality in elderly pts with pneumonia?

A

Comorbidities

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16
Q

True or false: mortality from pneumonia in older adults is 3x to 5x that of younger adults

A

true

17
Q

What is the most common causative agent of pneumonia? The other two

A
  1. Strep pneumoniae
  2. Gram negatives
  3. Staph aureus
18
Q

What is the first line therapy for pneumonia in elderly adults?

A

Beta-lactam + beta lactamase inhibitor

19
Q

What is the treatment for MRSA?

A

Vancomycin

20
Q

What are the four ways to reduce the risk of pneumonia?

A
  1. Immunization
  2. Stop smoking
  3. Treat comorbidities
  4. Control sources of infx
21
Q

What is asymptomatic bacteriuria?

A

Chronic colonization of the urinary tract in some women–no need to treat. In fact, don’t

22
Q

What is the cause of cystitis in men?

A

Prostatic disease or tract disease

23
Q

What is the treatment for all pts with TB?

A

Isoniazid x9 months

24
Q

What are the two indications for treatment of TB?

A
  1. Never have been treated in the past

2. Active disease is excluded

25
Q

New heart murmur + fever = ?

A

Infective endocarditis

26
Q

What is the most likely pathogen for septic arthritis?

A

Staph Aureus

27
Q

What is the most likely pathogen for osteomyelitis?

A

Staph Aureus

28
Q

What are the common causes of osteomyelitis?

A

DM foot ulcers

Decubitus ulcers

29
Q

True or false: the response of older adults to HAART (highly aggressive antiretroviral therapy) is not as good as those in young adults

A

False-actually similar response to the meds

30
Q

What is the MOST treatable cause of dementia?

A

HIV

31
Q

What infections are associated with Bell’s palsy?

A

Herpes zoster–lyme’s disease

32
Q

ABdominal pain in old age demands what?

A

Good PE

Surgical consult

33
Q

True or false: you treat infectious diarrhea in elderly pts as you would for adults?

A

true

34
Q

What should you order if you suspect an intra-abdominal infection?

A

CT or labled WBC study

35
Q

What should you order if you suspect a cholecystitis, appy, or abscess?

A

US

36
Q

What should you order if you suspect ischemic bowel?

A

Angiography or sigmoidoscopy

37
Q

What are the two abx for c.diff infections?

A

Metronidazole

Vanco

katse101 (27 decks)

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