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Peds Shelf > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

3 MCC of sepsis/meningitis in <28days old

A

GBS
Ecoli
Listeria

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2
Q

Empiric abx for <28day old with fever

A

Amp + Gent or cefotaxime

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3
Q

3 MCC of sepsis/meningitis for 1-3month old

A

GBS
S.pneumo
LIsteria

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4
Q

Empiric abx for 1-3mo old with fever

A

Ampicillin + cefotaxime (+ vanc if meningitis)

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5
Q

3 MCC of sepsis/meningitis for 3mo-3yo

A

S pneumo
Hib
Neisseria

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6
Q

Empiric abx for 3mo-3yo with fever

A

Cefotaxime + vanc if meningitis

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7
Q

2 MCC of sepsis/meningitis in >3yo

A

S pneumo

Neisseria

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8
Q

Abx for >3yo with fever

A

Cefotaxime (+ vanc if meningitis)

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9
Q

which 3 classes of patients with fever get admitted?

A

1- any baby <28days
2- 1-3mo who is toxic, meningitis, or severe infection.
3- outpatient follow up is unclear

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10
Q

When to just observe a fever w/o workup in 3mo-3yo?

A

If fever <102.2 and non toxic

If toxic, workup for sepsis regardless of temp

If >102.2, workup regardless of appearance

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11
Q

What should be given in addition to antibiotics if suspecting Hib meningitis?

A

Corticosteroids –> reduces hearing loss

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12
Q

CSF profile for TB

A

Lymphocytosis
Very high protein
Low glucose

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13
Q

CSF profile for fungus

A

Lymphocytosis
Normal/mildly high protein
low glucose

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14
Q

Most common long term complication of meningitis

A

hearing loss

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15
Q

hallmark PE finding of TB meningitis that distinguishes it from viral/fungal.

A

cranial nerve deficits

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16
Q

Tx of viral meningitis

A

self limiting

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17
Q

what 2 things should prompt you to think about bacterial superinfection in a viral uri?

A

sx >10 days

High grade fever

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18
Q

most important aspect of managing viral URI?

A

HYDRATION!

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19
Q

most common viral vs bacterial causes of pharyngitis

A

viral- URI bugs, coxsakie, EBV, CMV

bacterial- Strep pyogenes

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20
Q

acute bacterial sinusitus tx

A

Amoxicillin, augmentin or cefdinir

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21
Q

Tx for AOM. Exception?

A

Amoxicillin. Unless they recieved amox within the last month, then give augmentin or cephalosporin

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22
Q

3 MCC of otitis externa

A

Pseudomonas
Staph aureus
Candida

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23
Q

hallmark of tx for otitis externa

A

Restore acidic environment of ear canal! –> give acetic acid drops

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24
Q

tx of severe otitis externa? OE + AOM?

A

Severe OE only –> topical abx

OE + AOM –> Oral + topical

25
Q

2 MCC of an enlarged tender lymph node

A

S aureus / s pogenes

26
Q

Initial management of tender lymph node

A

Treat the most common cause!

Start empiric abx (cephalosporin or pcn)

27
Q

What should you supsect if lymphadenoapthy doesnt respond to empiric abx?

A

Bartonella or toxoplasmosis

28
Q

What should you order if you have diffuse, persistent and tender lymphadenopathy

A

EBV, CMV, HIV

29
Q

cause of unilateral vs bilateral parotid enlargement

A

unilateral - bacterial

bilateral - viral/mumps

30
Q

MCC for bacterial parotitis

A

Staph/strep

31
Q

MCC of impetigo

A

staph! then strep

32
Q

location of cellulitis vs erysepilas

A 
cellulitus = dermis
erysepilas = dermal lymphatics
33
Q

Buccal cellulits presentation and causitive agent

A

Bluish discolartion of the cheek in an unvaccinated kid.

Caused by Hib

34
Q

Rash with hemorrhagic bullae and crepitus

A

Nec fash

35
Q

Nec fash tx

A

immediate abx and debriedment

36
Q

classic pattern of scarlet fever rash

A

strep infection (throat, cellulitis, impetigo)

Rash that starts on TRUNK and spreads out

37
Q

which 2 strep complications will abx prevent?

A

PANDAS

RF

38
Q

PANDAS presentation

A

development of OCD or a tic after strep infection

39
Q

Post streptococcal arthritis vs RF

A

RF has multiple symptoms.

Post strep arthritis is ONLY arthritis that lasts for several weeks then resolves (not prevented by abx)

40
Q

Fever, desquamating rash, multisystem organ failure

A

Toxic schock syndrome

41
Q

MCC of toxic shock syndrome

A

s. aureus

42
Q

2 ways to differentiate rotavirus from norwalk virus infection

A

Rota= diarrhea + vomiting 4-7 days

Norwalk= vomiting>diarrhea, only 2-3 days

43
Q

classic electrolyte finding in acute diarrhea

A

Hyperchloremic non anion gap metabolic acidosis

44
Q

2 best ways to prevent vertical transmission of HIV

A

Have mom on HAART so she has an undetectable viral load.

Csection is better than vaginal

45
Q

4 Classic symptoms of HIV in a child

A

FTT
Recurrent infections
Lymphadenopathy
Thrombocytopenia

46
Q

When do babys develop symptoms of HIV

A

After first year of life

47
Q

Diagnostic test for inutero infection

A

anti-HIV ab present for first 2 years of lif

48
Q

Diagnostic test for perinatal infection

A

HIV DNA PCR every month until 4 months

49
Q

At which point do you know a child is NOT infected with HIV?

A

negative HIV PCR at 4 months

50
Q

3 steps in initial management of a baby born to HIV mother, regardless of if the child is infected or not

A

Zidovudine x 6weeks for ppx
Bactrim ppx x4 months until PCR is neg
NO BREAST FEEDING

51
Q

mycobacterium avium presentation

A

fever, weight loss, night sweats, abdominal pain/diarrhea, MARROW SUPPRESION, TRANSAMINITIS

52
Q

Diagnostic test for EBV in children less than 4 vs older than 4

A 
<4yo = EBV ab titers
>4yo= antiheterophile ab titers
53
Q

Most common EBV ab titer that will be positive in infection

A

IgM to viral capsid antigen

54
Q

Patient with pharyngitis and fever gets amoxicillin then develops diffuse maculopapular rash

A

Dx is actually EBV, not strep….this is a weird phenomenon that happens when EBV+ patients get amoxicillin.

55
Q

most common complication of measels

A

bacterial pneumonia

56
Q

what causes the blueberry muffin rash of congenital rubella?

A

Thrombocytopenia

57
Q

wheezing, eosinophilia in a patient with chronic lung disease (CF, asthma)

A

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergilosis

58
Q

2 ways to dx giardiasis

A

Stool ova and parasite

stool ELISA test

Peds Shelf (4 decks)

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