Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Peds 1 > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

fever patho

A

Body constricts vessels and shivers to increase body temp in response to pyrogens reaching the hypothalamus
NSAIDS (Acetaminophen/ibuprofren) cause hypothalamus to reset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

at what body temp is a fever very serious

A

> 38 C or 100.6 is considered a fever in children….above 107.6 is when proteins begin to degenerate, temps to 106 can be tolerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

temp throughout the day

A

in the morning the temp is lower than at night…this is normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

febrile seizures

A
  • usually occur on first day of fever
  • benign and self limiting
  • MC b/w 10 montsh and 3 years
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

danger signs of a febrile seizure

A
  • occurs under 10 months and over 5 years
  • focal seizure (arm seizes first)
  • apnea
  • > 20 minutes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

fever of unknown origin

A
  • 10 dyas of unremitting fever >38 w/o a focus or

- fever at least 2x week for 21 days or longer w/normal HP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MCC of fever unknown origin/infection

A

EBV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MCC of sepsis in children?

A

group B strep pneumonia, high risk in post-splenectomy pts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

meningitis vaccine covers serotypes

A

A, C, Y

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

5 alarm bells for a spinal tap

A

1) Positive gram stain
2) CSF protein >80
3) Absolute neutrophil count on CSF >1000
4) Peripheral CBC>10K w/left shift
5) Seizure
if none of these happen it is likely viral and no tx req

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

glucose levels in bacterial vs viral meningitis

A

low glucose levels

normal glucose levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

periorbital/orbital cellulitis

A

-pediatric emergency
periorbital is soft tissue
orbital is bone and requires longer anbx and MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

complications of periorbital/orbital cellulitis

A
  • blindness

- cavernous sinus thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MCC sinusitis

A
  • viral, rhinovirus

- strep pneumonia is MC bacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which sinus is involved with sinusitis

A

maxillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

3 thing that cause nighttime cough?

A
  • sinusitis
  • GERD
  • asthma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when to treat sinusitis

A

Symptoms for 13 days or fever more than 3 days treat with anbx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

biggest indicator of AOM?

A

bulging tympanic membrane and no light reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

who to treat for AOM? what anbx?

A

children < 2, amox augmentin, ceph

> 2 watchful waiting for 48 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

when would you consider putting in ear tubes?

A

-under age of 3, in daycare, loss of hearing for 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

otitis media w.effusion

A

serious OM, non-infective inflammation accompanied by effusion
-presents with retracted TM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

main differences b/w AOM and OM w/effusion

A

AOM-fever, otalgia, irritable

OM w/effusion-retracted TM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

MCC otitis externa (swimmers ear)

A

pseudomonas, tx w/ear drops

24
Q

MCC pharyngitis/tonsilitis

A

viral, adenovrius

present w.exudates

25
Q

how does group A beta hemolytic strep present?

A

petechiae over soft palate, palpable lymph nodes, HA, bellyache, sore throat

26
Q

complications of group A beta hemolytic strep?

A
  • rheumatic fever

- glomerulonephritis

27
Q

stomatitis

A

inflammation of the oral mucosa

28
Q

herpetic gingivostomatitis

A
  • caused by herpes

- prevalent ages 1-6

29
Q

clinical manifestation of herpetic gingivostomatitis vs herpangina

A
  • lesions on the anterior of the mouth

- lesions on posterior

30
Q

MCC herpangina

A

coxsackie A

31
Q

how to tx herpetic gingivostomatitis/herpangina

A

2 ox maalox, 2 oz benadryl, 2 oz xylocaine

32
Q

MCC osteomyelitis including neonates

A

staph aureus

33
Q

MCC osteomyelitis in children

A

group a strep
pseudomonas-penetrating wound of foot
salmonella-sickle cell disease

34
Q

how to evaluate a pt you think has osteomyelitis

A

MRI is best option

xrays are not visible till 30-40% of bone is destoyed

35
Q

septic arthritis vs

transient synovitis

A

sudden onset, febrile, staph aureus

slow onset, non-febrile

36
Q

clinical manifestations of septic arthritis

A
  • erythema, edema, joint pain
  • large joints typically affected
  • if hip is suspected surgical drainage is required
  • Internal rotation makes it very painful so they are walking with hip externally rotated
  • Get a CBC, sed rate >40, WC>12K
37
Q

MCC of roseola aka erythema subitum

A

herpes simplex 6

peak incidence 6-15 months of age

38
Q

clinical manifestation of roseola

A
  • sudden onset high fever
  • absence of clinical findings, the child looks well despite fever
  • rash develops after fever begins to go away
39
Q

how does rubeola aka measles present?

A
  • rash (exanthem) with sudden onset fever
  • Koplick spots
  • nonpruritic
  • conjunctivitis
  • photophobia
40
Q

major complication of rubeola aka measles

A

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, increased risk if pt is under 18 months

41
Q

clinical manifestation of rubella aka german measles

A
  • postoccipital, retroauricular, and posterior cervical lymphadenopathy
  • enanthem (forchheimer) spots may appear on palate
  • no photophobia/conjunctivitis
42
Q

complications of congenital rubella

A
  • cataracts
  • deafness
  • cardiac malformations
  • “blueberry muffin lesions”
43
Q

erythema infectiosum aka 5th disease is caused by…

A

human parvovirus B19

44
Q

5th disease presents as

A
  • Bright red cheeks, circumoral pallor
  • maculopapular rash on ext surfaces of extremities
  • lacey marble pattern
  • rashes last a long time but are not infectious
45
Q

what are some risks associated with 5th disease

A
  • Parvovirus has an affinity for developing red cells common in the 2nd trimester
  • immunocompromised or those w/blood disorders
46
Q

scarlet fever is caused by

A

group A beta hemolytic strep

47
Q

clinical manifestation of scarlet fever

A
  • early on, strawberry tongue (white coating w/edematous papillae)
  • late, raspberry tongue
  • circumoral pallor
  • intense rash in groin/axilla
  • peeling of palms and soles one week later
48
Q

how to tx scarlet fever

A

erythromycin

49
Q

adolescents who have pharyngitis and scarlatintiform rash but are throat culture negative think

A

corynebacterium haemolyticum

50
Q

Kawasackie’s disease

A

febrile, oral lesions in mouth, skin lesions, cervical lymphadenopathy, skin peeling begins on feet at toes, major complication includes coronary artery aneurysms

51
Q

how does varicella present?

A
  • erythematous macules that turn to papules that rupture and crust
  • all stages of lesions are present at same time
52
Q

neonatal varicella

A

mom has varicella right before delivering….much worse

53
Q

incubation period of mono

A

30-50 days

54
Q

main complication of mono

A

airway obstruction from lymphadenopathy

55
Q

most frequent complication of mumps

A
  • meningoencephalitis

- orchitis may occur

56
Q

impetigo will present as…

A

honeycomb crusted lesions

57
Q

candidiasis will present as….

A

satellite lesions

Peds 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions