Infectious Disease Flashcards
Adverse effects of Linezolid?
thrombocytopenia, interaction with MAOI
Adverse effects of Tigecycline?
Just don’t use them for MRSA bacteremia
Adverse effects of Daptomycin?
CPK elevation, not effective in the lung
Drugs used to treat minor MRSA infections of the skin?
TMP/SMX, doxycycline, clindamycin, linezolid
Bacteria covered by amoxicillin?
HELPS
H. influenzae
E. coli
Listeria
Proteus
Salmonella
Amoxicillin is best initial therapy for what?
otitis media
dental infection/endocarditis prophylaxis
lyme dz limited to rash, joint, or 7th CN
UTI in pregnancy women
listeria monocytogenes
enterococcal infections
Which antibiotic should be avoided in neonates due to impaired biliary metabolism?
ceftriaxone
Adverse effects of cephalosporins?
Cefoxitin and cefotetan deplete prothrombin and increase risk of bleeding.
with ceftriaxone, there is inadequate biliary metablism.
Adverse reaction of quinolones?
Bone growth abnormalities in children and pregnant women.
Tendonitis and achilles tendon rupture.
Adverse reaction to aminoglycosides?
Nephrotoxic and ototoxic
Adverse reaction to TMP/SMX?
Rash
hemolysis with G6PD deficiency
bone marrow suppression (folate antagonist)
Most common microbes for meningitis?
Streptococcus pneumonia (60%)
Neisseria meningititis (15%)
group b streptococci (14%)
H. influenzae (7%)
Listeria (2%)
Stapholococcus in those with recent surgery
For meningitis: Most likely dx with AIDS with <100 CD4+ count?
cryptococcus
For meningitis: Most likely dx with camper/hiker, rash shaped like a target, joint paint, facial palsy, tick remembered in 20%?
lyme disease
For meningitis: Most likely dx with camper/hiker, rash moves from arms/legs to trunk, tick remembered in 60%?
rocky mountain spotted fever (rickettsia)
For meningitis: Most likely dx with pulmonary TB in 85%?
Tuberculosis
For meningitis: Most likely dx with adolescent, petechial rash?
Neisseria
For meningitis: with no presentation?
viral
which drugs to use if LP shows thousands of PMNs?
ceftriaxone and vancomycin and steroids
If listeria is a concern, add ampicillin
(for listeria, concern with elderly, neonates, steroid use, aids or HIV, immunocompromised, including alcohol, pregnant)
HIV patients CD4+ < 200
PCP
also increased risk for VZV, HSV, TB, candiasis, Bacterial PNA, Kaposa Sarcoma
adverse effect for zidovudine?
anemia
adverse effect for stavudine and didanosine?
peripheral neuropathy and pancreatitis
adverse effect for abacavir (HLA B5701)?
hypersentivity, stevens-johnsons reaction
adverse effect for protease inhibitors?
HLD, hyperglycemia
adverse effect for indinavir?
neprholithiasis
adverse effect for tenofovir, disoproxil?
renal insufficiency, bone demineralization
Spore from hot, dry areas like deserts, valley fever, joint pain, erythema nodosum
Coccidioidomycosis
Coccidioidomycosis
Spore from hot, dry areas like deserts, valley fever, joint pain, erythema nodosum
Spore moist soil with bird bat feces (rivers caves valleys), resembkles TB lung cavities, pancytopenia (plus spleen and LNs). Use urine and serum antigen tests.
Histoplasmosis
Histoplasmosis
Spore moist soil with bird bat feces (rivers caves valleys), resembkles TB lung cavities, pancytopenia (plus spleen and LNs). Use urine and serum antigen tests.
Spore found in soil and rotten wood near water. Involves lungs, bone, skin, prostate. Broad budding yeast on smear.
Blastomycosis
Blastomycosis
Spore found in soil and rotten wood near water. Involves lungs, bone, skin, prostate. Broad budding yeast on smear.
