Infectious disease

Question 1

Bacteria and treatment of sepsis/meningitis - 0-1 month

Answer 1

GBS, E coli, Listeria

amp + gent/cef

Question 2

Bacteria and treatment of sepsis/meningitis - 1-3 month

Answer 2

GBS, s pneumo, listeria

Amp + cef (+ vanc if meningitis suspected)

Question 3

Bacteria and treatment of sepsis/meningitis - 3 months - 3 years

Answer 3

s pneumo, HIB, neisseria

Cef (+ vanc for bact meningitis)

Question 4

Bacteria and treatment of sepsis/meningitis - 3 years - adult

Answer 4

s pneumo, neisseria men

Cefotaxime (+vanc for bact meningitis)

Question 5

fever of unknown origin

Answer 5

fever lasting longer than 8 days - 3 weeks

Question 6

Causes of URI

Answer 6

rhinovirus, parainfluenza, coronavirus, RSV

Question 7

pharyngitis causes

Answer 7

viral - coxsackie, EBV, CMV

bacterial - s pyogenes, corynebacterium

Question 8

acute otitis media causes

Answer 8

s pneumo, h influenza, moraxella

Question 9

otitis externa causes

Answer 9

pseudomonas, s aureus, candida

Question 10

localized bacterial cervical lymphadenitis

Answer 10

s aureus, s pyogenes, mycobacterial, b henselae
EBV, CMV HIV
kawasaki - unilateral LAD
t gondii
lesions in the neck

Question 11

impetigo

Answer 11

cause - s aureus, s pyogenes (rare)
Sx: honey colored crusted or bullous lesions
Dx: visual inspection
Tx: mupirocin, ceph, clinda

Question 12

erysipelas

Answer 12

cause - involves dermal lymph, GABHS

Sx: tender erythematous skin

Question 13

buccal cellulitis

Answer 13

unilateral bluish discoloration on cheek of young unimmunized child, HIB causes it

Question 14

scarlet fever

Answer 14

cause - GABHS
Sx: begins on trunk, erythematous sandpaper rash with pastia’s lines (skin creases with petechiae)
Tx: PCN, erythro, macrolides

complication - post strep glomerulonephritis which abx does not help

Question 15

most common gastroenteritis cause

Answer 15

rotavirus

Question 16

early sx of HIV infection

Answer 16

failure to thrive, thrombocytopenia, recurrent infections, LAD, parotitis, thrush, loss of milestones, varicella/zoster infection

Question 17

measles

Answer 17

sx: cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, koplik spots on buccal mucosa, fever, exanthem erythematous maculopapular (begins neck and ears to chest and upper extremities)
Tx: supportive with vitamin A

paramyxovirus (RNA)

Question 18

rubella

Answer 18

Sx: URI and fever, LAD, nonpruritic maculopapular and confluent (starts on face then trunk)

togavirus RNA

Question 19

congenital toxoplasmosis

Answer 19

hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications and chorioretinitis