INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Question 1

• infectious agents
• situations for infection

Answer 1

agents: virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoans, helminths

situatons:
- organ system specific
- immunosuppressed (HIV, neutropenic)
- DM
- sickle cell ds
- prosthetic devices
- travel

Question 2

direct stains

Answer 2

GRAM STAINING
- gram pos stains purple
- gram neg stains red
- non bacterial cells (like WBC), show staining characteristics of cell type

color, shape, arrangement of bacteria in analysis

Question 3

culture

Answer 3

gold standard
- isolate pure organism
- DEFINITIVE identification and antimicrobial susceptibility
- determine MIC
- typical bacteria

Question 4

antigen detection

Answer 4

• surface protein
• does NOT require growing the organism
• immunoassays detect soluble antigens
• immunoassays that detect organism by reaction to reagent antibodies

Question 5

antigen detection
direct v. indirect

Answer 5

direct- fluorescent labeled antibody. binds to antigen, read slide w microscope

indirect- antigen bind with unlabeled antibody, add secondary fluorescent labeled antibody, second antibody will bind to primary antibody (complex seen under microscope)