Infectious Disease Flashcards
Hallmarks of Babesiosis
-hemolytic anemia
-jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly
-fever, malaise, myalgias, cough
Diagnosis of Babesiosis
-intraerythrocytic ring forms (like malaria - Maltese cross)
-PCR
Treatment of Babesiosis
-atovaquone + azithromycin
-clindamycin + quinine alternative
Ehrlichiosis
-Lone Star tick
-fever
-leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated AST/ALT
-basophilic inclusion bodies (morulae)
-PCR for diagnosis
-doxycycline for treatment
Anaplasmosis
-Ixodes tick
-fever
-leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated AST/ALT
-basophilic inclusion bodies (morulae)
-PCR for diagnosis
-doxycycline for treatment
Cause of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Rickettsia rickettsii
Rash of RMSF
-macular eruption on wrists and ankles
-central spread
-petechiae/papules
-spares face
-delay of ~3 days from fever onset
Treatment of RMSF
Doxycycline (diagnose by testing convalescent serum)
Powassan Virus
-Ixodes
-Meningoencephalitis
-Supportive care
Cause of Lyme Disease
-Ixodes tick
-spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi
Prophylactic Treatment of Lyme Disease
-200mg doxycycline once
-if tick is attached for >36 hours
Early Lyme
Erythema migrans: painless, nonpruritic, circumferentially enlarging
-does NOT need confirmatory lab testing
-Treatment: doxycyline x10, amoxicillin x14, cefuroxime x14
Early Disseminated Lyme Disease
-flu like illness: fevers, arthralgia, myalgias, lymphadenopathy
Lyme Myocarditis
atrioventricular (AV) nodal block
-can progress to complete heart block
-treatment: IV ceftriaxone
-treat for 14-21 days
Neurologic Lyme
-aseptic meningitis
-facial palsy (uni and bilateral)
-radiculopathy
-can diagnose with serum antibody testing in serum or CSF
-treatment: IV penicillin G, IV cefotaxime, IV ceftriaxone
