Infectious Disease Flashcards
How does Hep A, B, C, D and E spread?
Hep A- faeco-oral route
Hep B- infected blood or bodily fluids, inc vertical transmission from mother to child.
Hep C- IVDU
Hep D- infected bodily fluids
Hep E- faeco-oral route
Most common cause of diarrhoea in HIV patients?
Cryptosporidium
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Caused by HHV-8, common in patients with HIV
Purple plaques and lesions may ulcerate
Radiotherapy+resection
Treatment of choice for pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia?
Co-trimoxazole
Triad of EBV IM?
Sore throat, lymphadenopathy and pyrexia
Other features include-
Splenomegaly
Palatal petechiae
Malaise, anorexia and headache
Supportive management. Diagnosed via monospot test
Legionella features
Flu like symptoms
Fever
Bradycardia
Confusion
Diagnostic test of choice- legionella
Clari/erythromycin
Leptospirosis
Caused by contact with infected rat urine
Features-
Fever
Flu like sx
Subconjunctival haemorrhages
AKI
Hepatomegaly/jaundice
Aseptic meningitis
High dose benpen or doxy
What is the name of the rash in Lyme’s Disease?
Erythema migrans (bulls eye rash)
Headache, lethargy, fever and arthralgia
Treated with doxy or amox
Features and complications of mumps
Fever,
Parotitis
Malaise
Muscular pain
Supportive care plus notifiable disease
Orchitis, hearing loss, pancreatitis and meningoencephalitis
Syphilis
Caused by Treponeda pallidum
Primary Stage- chancre (painless ulcer), low grade lymphadenopathy
Secondary Stage- systemic sx, rash on trunk, palms and soles, buccal ulcers, condylomata lata (painless, warty lesions on genitalia)
Tertiary stage- gummas, ascending aortic aneurysms, tabes dorsalis, Argyll- Robertson pupil
IM Benzathine penicillin or doxy
Treatment of Salmonella
Cipro
What is the prophylaxis given to meningitis close contacts?
Cipro or rifampicin
Most common infective cause of encephalitis in <20 and >50?
Herpes simplex. Bilateral temporal lobe changes are pathognomonic of HSV.
