Infectious disease

Question 1

small, single-celled organisms that can live almost anywhere

Answer 1

bacteria

Question 2

a disease caused by organisms that enter, live in, and multiply within the human body

Answer 2

infectious disease

Question 3

an organism that causes disease

Answer 3

pathogen

Question 4

a poisonous substance

Answer 4

toxin

Question 5

the smallest type of pathogen

Answer 5

virus

Question 6

immunity that is created by a person’s own immune system as the result of having a disease or receiving a vaccine

Answer 6

active immunity

Question 7

a protein that attaches to the surface of pathogens or to the toxins produced by them

Answer 7

antibodies

Question 8

a type of lymphocyte that produced antibodies

Answer 8

B cells

Question 9

tiny hair-like structures that line the air passages and sweep foreign particles away

Answer 9

cilia

Question 10

the body’s ability to destroy pathogens that it has previously encountered before they are able to cause disease

Answer 10

immunity

Question 11

an injection given for the purpose of stimulating immunity to a disease

Answer 11

immunization

Question 12

the body’s response to injury; it fights infection and promotes healing

Answer 12

inflammation

Question 13

the type of white blood cell that carries out most of the immune system’s functions

Answer 13

lymphocytes

Question 14

the moist, protective lining that covers some of the openings to the body and the air passages

Answer 14

mucous membranes

Question 15

the sticky liquid that covers the surface of mucous membranes

Answer 15

mucus

Question 16

immunity acquired by receiving antibodies from another person’s immune system

Answer 16

passive immunity

Question 17

a white blood cell that “eats up” foreign cells

Answer 17

phagocytes

Question 18

a type of lymphocyte that kills pathogens or produces substances that regulates the activities of other cells of the immune system

Answer 18

T cells

Question 19

a substance that contains small amounts of dead or modified pathogens or their toxins and is used in vaccination

Answer 19

vaccine

Question 20

a drug that inhibits or kills bacteria

Answer 20

antibiotic

Question 21

the stage of an illness during which the symptoms are most severe

Answer 21

acute stage

Question 22

the stage of an illness between the end of infection and the time the person feels well

Answer 22

convalescence

Question 23

a body temperature above 98.6F

Answer 23

fever

Question 24

the time between entry of a virus and the time when a person begins to fell ill

Answer 24

incubation stage

Question 25

a viral infection of the upper respiratory system

Answer 25

influenza

Question 26

the first stage of an illness, during which the person may be contagious

Answer 26

prodromal stage

Question 27

the stage of an illness that follows the acute stage, during which the person begins to feel better

Answer 27

recovery stage

Question 28

a feeling caused by a disease

Answer 28

symptom

Question 29

an STD that attacks the liver

Answer 29

hepatitis

Question 30

yellowing of the skin, usually as the result of liver disease

Answer 30

jaundice

Question 31

a serious infection of the lungs that can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi

Answer 31

pneumonia

Question 32

a bacterial disease that affects the lungs and other parts of the body

Answer 32

tuberculosis