Infectious

Question 1

Which infectious diseases does Rhipicephalus sangunienus transmit? “brown dog tick”

Answer 1

Babesia sp
Ehrlichia canis
Bartonella vinsonni ss. berkhoffi

Question 2

Which infectious disease does Amblyoma ammericanun transmit?

Answer 2

Ehrlichia chaffenensis
Ehrlichia ewingii
Cytauxzoonosis

Question 3

Which infectious disease does Ixodes scapularis transmit?

Answer 3

Babesia
Borrelia
Anaplasma phagocytophilum

Question 4

Which infectious disease does Dermacentor variabilits transmit?

Answer 4

Babesia
RMSF
Cytauxzoonosis
Coonhound tick paralysis

Question 5

Which spp of Bartonella cause illness in cats> dogs? What spp is the main causatory agent of bartonella in dogs?

Answer 5

Cats: B. henselae
Dogs: B. vinsonii

Question 6

Bartonella: What is the major mode of transportation?

Answer 6

Flea: Ctenocephalides felis);
possibly other flea species (such as Pulex spp.) and vectors
such as ticks, lice, biting flies

Question 7

Which vector borne diseases infect erythrocytes?

Answer 7

Babesia, Cytauxzoon, and bartonella

Question 8

Which vector borne diseases infect Leukocytes?

Answer 8

Ehrlichia (monocytes), anaplasma (granulocytes), and hepatazoon

Question 9

Which vector borne diseases infect thrombocytes?

Answer 9

A. platys

Question 10

Which vector borne diseases infect endothelium?

Answer 10

Rickettsia

Question 11

What is the lifecycle of Babesia?

Answer 11

Vector (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) bring a bunch of sporozoites in salivary gland–> tick feeds and transfers sporozoites into blood stream of dog—>sporozoites enter RBC and reproduce (asexually)–> Merozoites (daughter form) which released and infect additional RBCs. Infected RBC can be ingested by naive tick, and reproduce in midgut (sexual)

Question 12

What is the difference between complicated and uncomplicated babesia?

Answer 12

Complicated: all of these manifestations that can not be explained by hemolytic disease alone. Can get acute renal failure, coagulopathies, IMHA, red billiary syndrome, ARDS, arrhythmias, pancreatitis

Question 13

What diagnostic is the best for babesia? What are the ones available?

Answer 13

PCR ***
Microscopic I.D., serology

Question 14

What is the treatment for B. canis? What should you pre-treat a patient prior to administration?

Answer 14

Imidocarb dipropronate, atropine

Question 15

What is the treatment for B. gibsoni? What about if you do not know the species?

Answer 15

Atovaquone and azithromycin
do not use atovaquone as a single agent (can cause GI upset). Use this protocol if you do not know the species.

Question 16

What is the reservoir host of Cytauxzoon?

Answer 16

Bobcat

Question 17

What is the life cycle of cytauxzoon?

Answer 17

Uninfected tick bites infected bobcat—> infected tick feeds on domestic cat—> 3 options (death, ill or subclinical carrier)—> sporocites penetrate mononuclear cells–> schizont filled monocytes rupture—> merozoites migrate and invade RBC

Question 18

What is the main cause of C.S associated with cytauxzoon?

Answer 18

Schizont: occlude vessels, most severe in lymphoid tissue (lungs, liver and spleen)

Question 19

Which feline viral disease is associated with teritorial fighting?

Answer 19

Feline immunodeficiency virus

Question 20

Describe the viral structure of FIV?

Answer 20

Each FIV vicron contains a douplicate single stranded RNA genome. There are three major genes: gag, pol and env.

Question 21

Which gene binds the primary receptor to initiate infection (FIV)?

Answer 21

env

Question 22

Discuss the three stages associated with FIV pathogenesis.

Answer 22

1.) Transient “primary stage”: 6-8 weeks, virus replicates rapidly and viremia is detected.
2.)