Infections - My Cards Flashcards
When should you refer conjunctivitis?
Eye pain
Headache or photophobia
Under 2 years
Contact lenses
Reduced visual acuity
What monitor is required for clindamycin?
Platelets - thrombocytopenia
Liver and renal function if using for over 10 days
What are the severe side effects of clindamycin?
Thrombocytopenia
C.Diff
SJS
What activity does linezolid have?
Gram positive including MRSA and VRE
No gram negative activity
What is the safety advice with linezolid? (2)
Optic neuropathy if used for more than 28 days
Blood disorders - weekly FBC
What are the contraindications for linezolid?
Adrenal tumours and thyroitoxicosis
Bipolar and schizophrenia
Uncontrolled hypotension
What are the key interactions for linezolid?
MAIOs (or used within 2 weeks)
SSRIs and TCAs - hypertensive crisis (serotonin syndrome)
What are the key side effects for trimethoprim?
Hyperkalaemia
Fungal overgrowth
SJS
Blood disorders
What is the interaction between trimethoprim and warfarin?
Increase warfarin levels - monitor INR
Why should oral preparations of vancomycin be avoided in systemic infections?
Not well absorbed (therefore oral preparations are good for C.diff
What are the key side effects for vancomycin? (5)
Red man syndrome
Thrombophlebitis- infusion site reaction
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Thrombocytopenia
Which tetracycline has a very broad spectrum?
Minocycline
But rarely used due to irreversible pigmentation and risk of lupus-erythematosus-like syndrome
What condition are all tetracyclines contraindicated?
Myasthenia gravis
Which tetracyclines can cause oesophageal irritation?
Doxy
Mino
Tetra
Which tetracyclines interact with milk?
Demo
Oxy
Tetra
Which tetracyclines cause photosensitivity?
Doxy
Demo
What antibiotics can be used in UTI in pregnancy?
Nitrofurantoin (avoid @ term)
Amoxicillin
Cefalexin
For 7 days
When is the MMR vaccine given?
Age 1
Booster @ 3 years and 4 months
When are the 1st three sets of vaccinations given in children?
8, 12, and 16 weeks
When is the MenB vaccine given?
8 and 16 weeks
Boosted @ 1 year
When is the MenACWY vaccine given?
14 years
What abx should be given for scarlet fever and how long for?
1st phenoxymethylpenicillin for 10 days
2nd Clarithromycin fir 5 days
What are the symptoms of scarlet fever?
Sandpaper rash
Strawberry tongue with white coating that peels off
How long should ear infections be treated for?
7 days
What is 1st line for prostatitis?
Ciprofloxacin
2nd = levofloxacin
How long should you treat prostatitis for?
14 days then review
What can be used as 2nd like for UTIs in non-pregnant women?
Pivmecillinam or fosphomycin
What antibiotics can be used for recurrent UTIs?
Nitrofurantoin
Trimethoprim
Amoxicillin
Cefalexin
How should you treat oral candidiasis? What are the doses?
Miconazole 2.5ml QDS after food
Nystatin 1ml QDS (half in each side)
Fluconazole capsules 100mg OD
All for 7 days (or continue for 2 days after resolved - not Fluconazole)
How should you treat C.Diff?
Vancomycin 125mg QDS for 10 days
How should you treat H.pylori? What are the doses?
PPI
PLUS
Amoxicillin 1g BD
PLUS
Clarithromycin 500mg BD
OR
Metronidazole 400mg BD
For 7 days
What is 1st line for acute diverticulitis?
Co-amoxiclav
Cefalexin AND metronidazole if penicillin allergic
For 5 days
How is chlamydia treated?
1st = doxycycline 100mg BD for 7 days
2nd = azithromycin 1g stat then 500mg BD for 2 days
What is 1st line for bacterial vaginosis?
Metronidazole tablets
OR
Clindamycin 2% cream
Treat for 7 days
