Infections

Question 1

List 6 ways germs can spread

Answer 1

Droplet infection- breathing in cough/sneeze mucus
Touching infection- kiss or touch
Infected food or drink- food contains bacteria through sneeze or animals
Getting bitten by animal or insects
Indirect touch- bedding or door handles

Question 2

What is our first line of defence that our body has to protect us against bacteria

Answer 2

Antibacterial saliva in mouth
Hairs and mucus in nose
Enzymes in tears and mucus in eyes
Respiratory system- traps mucus that then can be swallowed and gotten rid of in stomach acid. Also makes us cough
Skin stops bacteria getting through and produces antibacterial substances- kills germs on it

Question 3

What is our second line of defence

Answer 3

White blood cells move around the body hunting our bacteria to start a fight
Platelets in our body help form scabs which stopped bacteria from entering and causing infection
Phagocyte are a type of white blood cell that surround the bacteria and kill it with chemicals
Lymphocytes take over once the phagocytes have finished. It remembers the infection from before and produces the correct antibodies that will help make you immune

Question 4

What is the third line of defence

Answer 4

Antibodies produced by your bodies control or destroy infections. They bind germs together so the phagocytes can surround and eliminate them

If your body struggles to get rid of bacteria, you can get antibiotics from doctors to help right the infection and reduce the damage on surrounding tissues

Question 5

What are the disadvantages of antibiotics

Answer 5

If they are unnecessary prescribed, it can cause a new strain of bacteria resistant to antibiotics
It also cannot be directed to the problem area thus can kill good bacteria causing illnesses like thrush

Question 6

What is the lymphatic system

Answer 6

Lymph is a clear liquid which has white blood cells in which fight infection
Drains fluid from tissues and back to bloodstream
Lymph picks up any bacteria that it finds and filters it out of system and removes from body
Lymph nodes filter the bacteria and can cause swelling e.g. Swollen glands is when lymph nodes fight off infections