Infections Flashcards
What is antimicrobial stewardship
- To only provide the amount necessary for the specific conditions. Following local and national prescribing protocols.
- A political commitment to prioritise AMR;
- Monitoring antimicrobial use and resistance in microbes;
- Development of new drugs, treatments, and diagnostics;
- Individuals’ behaviour relating to infection prevention and control, antimicrobial use, and AMR;
- Healthcare professionals’ prescribing decisions.
First-choice oral antibiotic for human and animal bites, 12+ and dosage
Co-amoxiclav: 250/125 mg or 500/125 mg three times a day
Alternative first-choice oral antibiotic for human and animal bites 12+ and dosages
Doxycycline: 200 mg on first day, then 100 mg or 200 mg daily With Metronidazole: 400 mg three times a day
First-choice oral antibiotic for human and animal bites, under 12 and dosage
Co-amoxiclav: 1-11 months: 0.25mL/kg og 125/31 mg suspension three times a day
1-5 yearsl 5mL of 125/31 mg suspension three times a day
6-11 years: 5 mL of 250/62 mg suspension three times a day
Alternative choice oral antibiotic for human and animal bites, under 12 and dosage
Co-Trimoxazole: 6 weeks - 5 months: 120 mg BD
6 months - 5 years, 240 mg or BD
6 - 11 years 480 mg BD
First choice antibiotic for cellulitis and erysipelas 18+
Flucloxacillin: 500 mg to 1 g four times a day orally. 5 to 7 days.
Alternate antibiotic for cellulitis and erysipelas 18+ (3 listed)
Clarithromycin: 500 mg BD orally for 5 to 7 days
Erythromycin (in pregnancy) 500 mg QDS orally for 5 to 7 days
Doxycycline 200 mg on first day, then 100 mg OD orally for 5 to 7 days in total
First choice antibiotic for cellulitis and erysipelas under 18
Clarithromycin
Co-amoxiclav (not in penicillin allergy):
1 to 11 months, 0.25 ml/kg of 125/31 suspension TDS
1 - 5 years: 5 ml of 125/31 suspension TDS
6 - 11 years: 5 ml of 250/62 suspension TDS
All for 5 to 7 days
12 - 17 years: 250/125 or 500/125 mg TDS for 5 to 7 days
First choice: Antibiotics for pneumonia in adults 18+
Amoxicillin 500 mg three times a day for 5 days
Alternate choice: Antibiotics for pneumonia in adults 18+
Doxycycline: 200 mg on first day, then 100 mg OD for 4 days
Clarithromycin 500 mg BD for 5 days
Erythromycin 500 mg QDS for 5 days
First choice: Antibiotics for pneumonia under 18
Amoxicillin: 1 - 11 months - 125 mg TDS for 5 days
1 - 4 years - 250 mg TDS for 5 days
5 - 17 years, 500 mg TDS for 5 days
Clarithromycin
Doxycycline
1st Choice antibiotics for H Pylori 18+
PPI, plus amoxicillin, and either clarithromycin or metronidazole (take into account previous treatment with clarithromycin or metronidazole).
1st Choice antibiotics for otitis externa infections 18+
Flucloxacillin,
Clarithromycin (or azithromycin or erythromycin).
1st Choice antibiotics for otitis media infections 18+
First line: amoxicillin.
Second line (worsening symptoms despite 2 to 3 days of antibacterial treatment): co-amoxiclav.
In penicillin allergy: clarithromycin or erythromycin
1st Choice antibiotics for strep throat infections 12+
Phenoxymethylpenicillin: 500 mg QDS or 1000 mg BD for 5 to 10 days
Alternative choice strep throat in penicillin allergy and pregnancy 12+
Clarithromycin: 250 mg to 500 mg BD for 5 days
Pregnancy:
Erythromycin: 250 mg to 500 mg QDS, or 500 mg to 1000 mg BD for 5 days
First choice for strep throat in under 12
Phenoxymethylpenicillin:
1 - 11 months: 62.5 mg QDS, or 125 mg BD for 5 to 10 days
1 - 5 years: 125 mg QDS, or 250 mg BD for 5 to 10 days
6 - 11 years: 250 mg QDS, or 500 mg BD for 5 to 10 days
Alternatives for under 12 strep throat
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin (ONLY FOR 8+)
First choice for scarlet fever in 12+ (What is the increase in adult dose 18+ if needed?)
Phenoxymethylpenicillin: 500 mg four times daily, or 1000 mg twice daily (increased in adults if necessary up to 1000 mg four times daily) for 10 days.
Choice for scarlet fever in pregnancy
Erythromycin
For women who are pregnant or postpartum (within 28 days of childbirth), prescribe 250 mg to 500 mg four times daily or 500 mg to 1,000 mg twice daily for 10 days.
Choice for scarlet fever in penicillin allergy
Clarithromycin
In 12+, prescribe 250 to 500 mg twice daily for 10 days.
In children aged 1 month to 11 years weighing:
Up to 8 kg, prescribe 7.5 mg/kg twice daily for 10 days.
8-11 kg, prescribe 62.5 mg twice daily for 10 days.
12-19 kg, prescribe 125 mg twice daily for 10 days.
20-29 kg, prescribe 187.5 mg twice daily for 10 days.
30-40 kg, prescribe 250 mg twice daily for 10 days.
First and alternate antibiotics for HOSPITAL ACQUIRED non severe pneumonia in adults 18+
1st: Co-amoxiclav 500/125 mg TDS for 5 days then review
Alternate:
Doxycycline 200 mg on first day, then 100 mg once a day for 4 days
Cephalexin: 500 mg twice or three times a day (can be increased to 1 to 1.5 g three or four times a day) for 5 days then review
Co-trimoxazole: 960 mg twice a day for 5 days then review
First and alternate antibiotics for HOSPITAL ACQUIRED SEVERE pneumonia in adults 18+
Piperacillin with tazobactam 4.5 g three times a day (increased to 4.5 g four times a day if severe infection) Ceftazidime 2 g three times a day Ceftriaxone 2 g once a day
Impetigo antimicrobials adults aged 18 years and over
