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GPhC Exam > Infections > Flashcards

Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Narrow Spectrum Abx

A

Narrow TV and PC
Teicoplanin
Vancomycin
Penicillin G
Clindamycin

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2
Q

Sepsis Vs Septicaemia

A

Sepsis - infection confined to blood
Septicaemia - infection of whole body

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3
Q

Sepsis Symptoms (Adults)

A

Shiver (very hot/cold)
Extreme pain
Pale/discoloured skin
Sleepy/tired
I feel like I might die
Short of breath

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4
Q

Sepsis Symptoms (Babies/Children)

A

Very high/low temperature
No urine in 12 hours
Vomit
Breathless (breathe fast)
Non-blanching rash
Blue/pale skin, lips, tongue
High pitch cry (babies)

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5
Q

Sepsis Early Management

A

Broad spectrum Abx max dose within 1 hour
Parenteral Benzylpenicillin (community)
IV Ceftriaxone (hospital)

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6
Q

Abx Before Food/Empty Stomach

A

DROP FAT
Demeclocycline
Rifampicin
Oxytetracycline
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
Flucloxacillin
Ampicillin
Tetracycline

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7
Q

Abx With/After Food

A

Marvin’s Nice Pizza
Metronidazole
Nitrofurantoin
Pivmecillinam

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8
Q

Amoxicillin Food

A

Take with/without food

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9
Q

Abx Avoid Milk

A

CDOT
Ciprofloxacin
Demeclocycline
Oxytetracycline
Tetracycline

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10
Q

Abx With Milk

A

DOX Like Milk
Doxycycline
Lymecycline
Minocycline

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11
Q

Abx Use in Pregnancy

A

PEC Chest
Penicillin
Erythromycin
Cephalosporins
Clindamycin

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12
Q

Abx Avoid in Pregnancy

A

Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides
Macrolides (except Erythromycin)
Co-Trimoxazole
Rifampicin
Metronidazole
Quinolones
Nitrofurantoin (avoid at term/last trimester)

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13
Q

Abx Protect Sunlight

A

Demeclocycline
Doxycycline

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14
Q

Flucloxacillin Safety Warning

A

Jaundice
Hepatitis

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15
Q

Co-Amoxiclav Safety Warning

A

Jaundice
Hepatitis

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16
Q

Linezolid Safety Warning

A

Optic Neuropathy (‘lid’ = eyelid)
Blood disorders

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17
Q

Co-Trimoxazole Safety Warning

A

Steven’s Johnson Syndrome
Blood disorders

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18
Q

Quinolones Safety Warning

A

Tendon damage
Joint problems (children)
Convulsions (when used with NSAID)

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19
Q

Abx Colour Urine

A

Rifampicin
Nitrofurantoin
Orange/Brown

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20
Q

Abx Blood Disorders

A

Trimethoprim
Co-Trimoxazole
Linezolid
Gentamicin
Vancomycin

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21
Q

Tetracycline Contraindication

A

<12 years old
Pregnant

22
Q

Quinolones Contraindication

A

Tendon disorder due to Quinolone use

23
Q

Aminoglycoside Contraindication

A

Myasthenia Gravis

24
Q

Food Poisoning Bacteria

A

Salmonella
Shigella
Norovirus
E. coli

25
Q

Tuberculosis Bacteria

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

26
Q

Colitis Bacteria

A

C. difficile

27
Q

Pneumonia

A

Streptococcus pneumonia (most common)
Klebsiella pneumonia
Pseudomonad aeruginosa
Haemophilus pneumoniae
Pneumocystis jirovecii (fungal)

28
Q

Gonorrhoea Bacteria

A

Neisseria gonnorhoea

29
Q

Whooping Cough Bacteria

A

Bordetella pertussis

30
Q

UTI Bacteria

A

E. coli

31
Q

Abx for Anaerobic Infection

A

Metronidazole

32
Q

Abx for Streptococci Infection

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

33
Q

Abx for Staphylococci Infection

A

Flucloxacillin

34
Q

Abx for Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Gentamicin

35
Q

CURB-65

A

C - Confusion (1 point)
U - Urea >7mmol/L (1 point)
R - Respiratory rate >30 (1 point)
B - BP systolic<90, dia<60 (1 point)
65 - 65 years or older (1 point)

36
Q

CURB-65 Actions

A

0-1 Treat as outpatient
2 Consider hospital/close monitoring
3-5 Hospital/consider ICU

37
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Amikacin
Gentamicin
Tobramycin
Streptomycin
Neomycin

38
Q

Aminoglycosides General Info

A

TAG
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Gentamicin
are effective against P. aeruginosa

39
Q

Aminoglycosides General Info

A

Streptomycin used for TB
Avoid oral route (not absorbed)
Injection administration
Gentamicin drug of choice
Once daily admin preferred
C/I Myasthenia Gravis
Max 7/7 parenteral treatment
Avoid in pregnancy

40
Q

Aminoglycosides Ototoxicity

A

Tinnitus/ringing
Hearing loss
Dizzy
Uncoordinated movements

41
Q

Aminoglycosides Nephrotoxicity

A

Reduced urine output
Short of breath
Fluid retention (swelling)
Fatigue

42
Q

Aminoglycosides Dose Adjustments

A

Renal impairment - increase dosing interval
Severe renal impairment - decrease dose

43
Q

When to Measure [Aminoglycoside]

A

1 hour after dose - ‘peak’
Just before next dose - ‘trough’

44
Q

Peak and Trough Actions

A

High Peak - reduce dose
High Trough - increase dose interval

45
Q

Target [Gentamicin] IM/IV for Multiple Daily Dosing

A

Target Peak [ ] - 5-10 mg/L
Target Trough [ ] - <2 mg/L

46
Q

Target [Gentamicin] Multiple Daily Dosing in Endocarditis

A

Target Peak [ ] - 3-5 mg/L
Target Trough [ ] - <1mg/L

47
Q

Gentamicin Side Effects

A

Abx associated Colitis
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Neurotoxicity
Nausea and vomiting
Blood disorder
Skin reactions

48
Q

Amikacin

A

For bacteria resistant to Gentamicin

49
Q

Neomycin

A

Too toxic for parenteral administration

50
Q

Tobramycin

A

Administer via nebuliser/inhaler

51
Q

MHRA Aminoglycosides Warning

A

Potential for histamine-related adverse drug reactions with some batches

GPhC Exam (2 decks)

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