Infection Prevention and Control Flashcards
Inherent
Native to the host
Communicable/Contagious
Can be spread from one person to the other
Localized
Infection that is in just one part of the body
Systemic
Infection of the entire body (Flu, Pneumonia)
Primary
The primary thing that causes infection
Secondary
Result of the primary infection
Exogenous
Infectious organism that comes from outside the body (COVID, Flu, Strep)
Endogenous
Infectious organism that lives inside of the body (E-Coli)
Infection
When a pathogen invades tissue and begins multiplying within a host
Colonization
Presence and multiplication of microorganisms within a host but without tissue invasion or damage
Communicable Disease
That which can be transmitted from one individual to another
Symptomatic Infection
When pathogens multiply and cause signs and symptoms of disease
Asymptomatic
When pathogens multiply but no clinical signs and symptoms are present
Virulence
Ability to produce disease
What is the essential action in hand washing?
Friction
Nosocomial Infection
Hospital acquired infection
Aseptic
Cleaning to not cause sepsis
6 Chains of Infection
Infectious Agent
Reservoirs
Portal of Exit
Means of Transmission
Portal of Entry
Susceptible Host
Reservoirs
Any natural setting where growth and reproduction of an infectious agent can occur
Means of Transmission
Direct Contact
Indirect Contact
Respiratory
Vector
Direct Contact
Person to person
Indirect Contact
Fomite (Objects)
Respiratory
Through the air
Vector
Insect transmission
Isolation
The intentional separation and restriction of ill persons with a confirmed contagious, transmittable infection/disease
Personal Protection Equipment (PPE)
Gloves, gown, mask, eye protection
Tier 1
Standard precautions - all patients in all healthcare settings
Tier 2
Expanded precautions - patients who are or are suspected of being colonized with a contagious, transmittable pathogen
