Infection, Immunology and Allergy Flashcards
Best investigation to confirm Mumps
Serum mumps IgM
What are the live attenuated vaccines in the UK immunisations schedule?
MMR
BCG
What are the vaccines which contain inactivated toxins in the UK immunisations schedule?
Diptheria
Tetanus
What are the carbohydrate vaccines in the UK immunisations schedule?
Pneumococcal vaccine
What are the conjugate vaccines in the UK immunisations schedule?
HiB
Meningococcal vaccine
What is a conjugate vaccine and how does it work?
Conjugate vaccines fight a type of bacteria that has antigens with an outer coating of sugar-like substances called polysaccharides. This type of coating disguises the antigen, making it hard for a young child’s immature immune system to recognize it and respond to it.
Conjugate vaccines are effective for these types of bacteria because they connect (or conjugate) the polysaccharides to antigens that the immune system responds to very well. This linkage helps the immature immune system react to the coating and develop an immune response. An example of this type of vaccine would be the Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine.
What vaccines would a child receive at 8 weeks / 2 months as part of the UK immunisations schedule?
1) Infrarix Hexa (DTaP (Diptheria, Tetanus and Pertussis), IPV (Polio), Hep B, HiB)
2) Men B
3) Rotavirus
What vaccines would a child receive at 12 weeks / 3 months as part of the UK immunisations schedule?
1) Infrarix Hexa (DTaP (Diptheria, Tetanus and Pertussis), IPV (Polio), Hep B, HiB)
2) Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
3) Rotavirus
Which vaccine is given orally?
Rotavirus
What vaccines would a child receive at 16 weeks / 4 months as part of the UK immunisations schedule?
1) Infrarix Hexa (DTaP (Diptheria, Tetanus and Pertussis), IPV (Polio), Hep B, HiB)
2) Men B
What vaccines would a child receive at 1 year as part of the UK immunisations schedule?
1) HiB and Men C
2) Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine booster
3) MMR
4)
What vaccines would a child receive at 3 years 4 months (pre-school age) as part of the UK immunisations schedule?
1) Repevax (DTaP (Diptheria, Tetanus and Pertussis), IPV (Polio))
2) MMR
What vaccines would a child receive at 12-13 years as part of the UK immunisations schedule?
HPV
What vaccines would a child receive at 14 years as part of the UK immunisations schedule?
1) Revaxis (Tetanus, Diptheria and Polio)
2) Men ACWY
When would you offer additional Hep B vaccines and when are they given?
Babies born to hepatitis B positive mothers
Given in addition to the routine immunisations at 2, 3 and 4 months:
- At birth
- 4 weeks
- 12 months