Infection control Precautions

Question 1

A patient presents to the hospital with acute respiratory tract infection symptoms.

What type(s) of precautions should be implemented?

Answer 1

Contact + Droplet

If concerned of TB, then also Airborne.

Question 2

A patient presents to the hospital with acute GI symptoms.

What type(s) of precautions should be implemented?

Answer 2

Contact

Consider sporicidal cleaning (+HH with soap) for C.difficile & MDR C.auris.

Question 3

A patient presents to the hospital with symptoms of febrile rash.

What type(s) of precautions should be implemented?

Answer 3

?Impetigo = Contact.

?N.meningitidis = Droplet.

?Varicella, disseminated zoster, or measles = Airborne. (And only receiving care from immune staff.)

Question 4

Which countries are under PHAC travel advisories?

Answer 4

During COVID: everywhere.

Notably,

Nigeria (Lassa),

DRC (Ebola), +

Guinea (Ebola)

Question 5

A patient presents to the hospital following travel to an area under PHAC advisory.

What type(s) of precautions should be implemented?

Answer 5

?Ebola/Marburg/Lassa = Contact + Droplet + Airborne.

Inform hospital support services ASAP.

Question 6

Which countries are under PHAC travel advisories?

Answer 6

During COVID: everywhere.

Notably,

Nigeria (Lassa),

DRC (Ebola), +

Guinea (Ebola)

Question 7

What infection control precautions are required for S.pneumoniae?

Answer 7

Routine precautions.

(Not highly contagious)

Question 8

H.influenzae Infection Control

Answer 8

Droplet precautions until 24h of appropriate abx

Investigate vaccine failures

Prophylaxis (RIF) w/i 10d of last contact for household and non-household contacts

Monitor for signs of illness (esp F) in contacts <6y. Do for 1 incubation period (10d).

Question 9

N.meningitidis Infection Control

Answer 9

Droplet precautions x 24h (starting when presumptive trt starts)

Chemoprophylaxis = rifampin; considered for household contacts + close contact, given w/i 10d of latest exposure

Immunoprophylaxis = vaccine for unvaccinated close contacts

Question 10

What infection control precautions should be taken for patients admitted with ?active MTB disease?

Until when?

Answer 10

Can be tmx’d in healthcare setttings where HCWs + pts come in contact w people who have TB disease.

Airborne precautions

Put patient in -ve pressure respiratory isolation until sputum AFB smear -ve on 3 consecutive days.