Infection control, bacteria and viruses Flashcards
Epidemiology
The branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health
Epidemic
A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time
Pandemic
An epidemic which occurs all over the world
Endemic
A disease is present at a low level in a country or area
Anthroponosis
A disease which can pass from man to animals
Bacterial conjugation
Transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells by direct contact. This takes place through Pilus
Binary fission
Process is where one cell divides to give two identical daughter cells
Term for bacteria that reproduce asexually?
Binary fission
Term for bacteria that reproduce sexually?
Bacterial conjugation
Order the process of viral replication?
A.P.R.S.A.R
Attachment Penetration Replication Synthesis Assembly Release
Examples of pathogens?
Bacteria Viruses Protozoa Fungi Parasites
5 groups of bacteria
Cocci Bacilli Spirilla Vibrios Spirochaetes
Shape of cocci
Spherical
Shape of bacilli
Rod
Shape of Spirilla
Spiral
Shape of Vibrios
Comma
Shape of Spirochaetes
Corkscrew
Characteristics of bacteria
Size micrometers (µm)
Contain a cell wall
Bacteria do not have a nucleus
Possess both DNA & RNA
Contain Ribosomes (Protein building blocks)
Sensitive to antibiotics
Note Rickettsias, mycoplasmas and chlamydias are much smaller than typical bacteria.
Colour of gram positive bacteria when stained?
Purple
Colour of gram negative bacteria when stained
Red/pink
Which is the larges leukocyte?
Monocytes
Viruses are composed of two parts which are?
Nucleic acid and capsid
The rheostat on a microscope has what function?
To adjust the amount of light being smitten by the light bulb in the base
An Animal that’s recovered from a disease but still carries the pathogen is called
Convalescent carrier
Viruses are composed of two parts…
Nucleic acid and capsid
