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CVTE 113 > Infection Control and Hospital Safety > Flashcards

Infection Control and Hospital Safety Flashcards

1
Q

What are the first steps of an inpatient procedure

A

Check chart, orders, history, check armband.
Make sure you have the right patient for the right test. Check the Pt. history for things that might complicate your test.

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2
Q

What is C diff?

A

Clostridium difficile.

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3
Q

How do you spell C. difficile?

A

Clostridium difficile.

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4
Q

What is C. difficile

A

C-Diff is an intestinal bacterium.

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5
Q

What are the symptoms of C. difficile?

A

The bacterium releases toxins that cause:

flu-like symptoms and severe diarrhea.

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6
Q

What are the precautions to protect yourself from C. difficile?

A

Take full contact precautions.

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7
Q

If you have a cold or flu, when should you go to the doctor?

A 
If you have a sore throat more than 48 hours
Your throat is beefy red
Nasal running for more than 10 days
Severe facial pain or headache
Cough greater than 10 days
Severe, painful, Rusty Green mucus
Chest pain with breathing
Temperature greater than 101° or prolonged for more than seven days.
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8
Q

What are cold symptoms?

A 
A cold starts gradually
Slight temperature
Normal appetite
Slight headache
Stuffy nose, Sneeze
Sore throat, tired
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9
Q

What are flu symptoms?

A 
A flu progresses rapidly
Elevated temperature for the first 24 hours
Loss of appetite
Nausea and vomiting
Severe headache
Exhausted
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10
Q

How do you get hepatitis A?

A

Found in feces
Household or sexual contact
Hepatitis A has a vaccine

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11
Q

How do you get hepatitis B?

A

It’s blood-borne: sharps in a clinical setting
Hepatitis B has a vaccine
Hepatitis B is easier to contact then HIV, because there’s 100 times more in the blood
transmission is the same as HIV

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12
Q

How do you get hepatitis C?

A

? Hepatitis C is transmitted by body fluids usually drug use. No vaccine. No cure.

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13
Q

What is the meaning of code blue?

A

Cardiac arrest, Life threatening.

Use the call button

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14
Q

What is the meaning of code red?

A 
Fire
Race 
-Rescue patients, get way 
-Alert (alarm, call operator)
-Close the doors and windows 
-Extinguish the fire
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15
Q

What is the meaning of code green?

A

Code green means unruly person

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16
Q

What is the meaning of code brown?

A

Poop alert

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17
Q

How long do people with HIV aids usually remain asymptomatic?

A

10 to 12 years

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18
Q

HIV is transmitted how?

A 
Blood
Semen
Vaginal secretions
Breast milk
--All by direct contact
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19
Q

How do you get HIV?

A

Three common ways

  • sexual contact
  • needle sharing
  • pregnancy/childbirth
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20
Q

How do you NOT get HIV/AIDS?

A 
Casual contact
Food
Air
Kissing
-also unlikely, sweat, tears, vomit, PCs, urine, mosquitoes, fleas.
21
Q

List the types of disease transmission.

A 
Direct contact
In direct contact
Droplet transmission
Airborne transmission
Common vehicle transmission
Hint: DAVID (Direct, Airborne, common Vehicle, Indirect Droplet.)
22
Q

What is the difference between hepatitis B and hepatitis C?

A

Hepatitis B has a vaccine, hepatitis C has no vaccine

23
Q

Why is hospital safety and infection control important?

A 
We must be careful to protect
* ourselves
* patients
* coworkers
We must be vigilant to prevent spread of infection, exposure to hazardous materials, accidents, and injuries to ourselves.
24
Q

What is a line infection?

A

Infection in an IV or PIC line. 5 million lines are placed in the ICU each year.

25
Q

What are the statistics online infections?

A

5 million lines in ICU each year
After 10 days 4% become infected(80,000 per year)
5-28% of line infections are fatal
One half past serious complications.

26
Q

What is the frontline in battling infection??

A

Handwashing

27
Q

What is the name for infection created by hospital stay or treatment?

A

Nosocomial.

28
Q

What is the protocol for handwashing?

A

Wash before and after each patient contact
15 to 20 second wash
Wash to 3 inches above the wrist

29
Q

What does MRSA stand for?

A

Methycillin-resistant Staph Areus

30
Q

What percentage of staph infections are resistant to antibiotics?

A

More than 60%

31
Q

What percentage of MRSA infections are linked to healthcare facilities?

A

85%

32
Q

How many MRSA infections annually?

A

95,000

18,500 or 20% die annually.

33
Q

Name six times when you should wash your hands

A

Before having direct contact with patient
After contact with blood, body fluids, not intact skin or dressings.
After contact with patients intact skin (i.e. vitals)
When hands move from dirty to clean
After contact with fomites in the area
After removing gloves

34
Q

When do you wear gloves?

A

When anticipating contact with body substances, non intact skin, or intact skin that has been contaminated.

35
Q

When do you wear a mask and goggles?

A

Wear to protect eyes and mucous membranes from aerosolized or flying liquid contaminants.

36
Q

What are the elements of respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette?

A

Covering mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing
Use the crook of elbow to contain respiratory droplets
Use a tissue and discard in waste bin after use
Perform hand hygiene
Provide tissue and no touch receptacles
Ask symptomatic patients to wear mask
Spacing of sitting 3 feet
Supplies and signs to the public

37
Q

What is HIV?

A

Human immunodeficiency virus.

38
Q

What is AIDS?

A

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

HIV is the virus that gives rise to AIDS

39
Q

What are the rules for sharps?

A

Never recap needles
Use sharps disposal box
Be careful with needles, scalpels etc.
If you get stuck, report immediately

40
Q

What is meant by standard precautions?

A

Combines universal precautions and body substance isolation. Based on principle: all blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions (except sweat), non-intact skin and mucous membranes may contain transmissible infectious agents.

41
Q

What is VRE and how is it spelled

A

Vancomycin-resistant Enterocaccus

42
Q

What is MDR TB?

A

Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis

43
Q

What are the handwashing stats for men versus women?

A

12% of women, 34% of men do not wash hands after using a public restroom.

44
Q

What are the significant stats regarding healthcare workers and handwashing?

A

Less than 50% of healthcare workers regularly wash their hands while on the job.

45
Q

What is it about doctor’s ties

A

One third have been found to have staph on them.

46
Q

When are gloves recommended?

A

For all patient contact.

47
Q

Gown mask goggles are all used when?

A

When patient is in isolation

48
Q

What is the mask for? The goggles? The gown?

A

The mask is for airborne pathogens, the goggles protect the eyes from fluid and aerosolized droplets, and the gown is a barrier for scrubs and skin.

CVTE 113 (3 decks)

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