Infection Control and Asepsis Flashcards
medical asepsis
object/area that is clean and free from infection
reservoir host
start of chain of infection
- insect, animal, or human
- supplies nutrition to pathogenic microorg
- may not cause disease in reservoir
means/portal of exit
how organism escapes reservoir host
- exits through eyes, nose, ears, intestines, urinary tract, reproductive tract, open wounds
means/modes of transmisstion
- direct transmission
2. indirect transmission
direct transmission
contact w/ infected person or discharges of infected person
indirect transmission
droplets in air, vectors/insects that harbor pathogens, contaminated food/drink/objects (fomites)
means/portal of entry
how organism gains entry into new host
- mouth, nose, eyes, intestine, urinary tract, reproductive tract, open wounds
susceptible host
organism that is capable of supporting growth of microorg
susceptibility of host to infection determined by
- location of entry
- dose of infectious organisms
- physical condition/level of immunity of host
when the susceptible host becomes infected, it becomes….
reservoir host –> chain/cycle starts again
inflammation
response to trauma; protective mechanisms
4 classic signs of inflammation
- redness
- swelling
- pain
- heat
mechanisms of inflammation
vasodilation; # wbc increases; WBC phagocytose pathogens; increase in blood supply
- fluids in tissue increase –> pressure on nerves –> pain
- increased blood –> heat
how does skin work to protect the body?
most important barrier
how do the mucous membranes work to protect the body?
protects against invasion in nose, throat, respiratory tract, GI tract, genital tract
